Chapter 31, Problem 34A

To determine

To Match: The given colored objects with a reason for getting those colors.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

In nature, light will undergo different kind of phenomenon and produce some beautiful natural effects and a few are mentioned in the problem. The reasons behind these effects are explained as follows.

The color of any object is decided by its absorption and reflection capability upon the exposure of light. When a white light is incident on banana, it absorbs all the wavelength except yellow. This yellow wavelength if reflected back. Due to this the banana appears as yellow. This means selective reflection is the reason behind the color of an object.

Therefore, (a) yellow banana is matched with (3) selective reflection The sky appears blue because of scattering of light by the different gas molecules present in the atmosphere. Out of all the colors, blue color will scatter more by the gas molecules because of its comparable wavelength. Because of this the sky will appear as blue.

Therefore, (b) blue sky is matched with the (5) scattering The rainbow is formed due to refraction followed by dispersion of light rays when they pass through the water droplets present in the atmosphere. When the white light which is composed of different colors is incident on the droplets, the extent of refraction varies for different wavelength. Due to this, the rainbow will appear as a combination of different colors.

Therefore, (c) rainbow is matched with the (4) refraction The microscopic view of the peacock feathers looks like a fine diffraction grating. Because of this kind of grating pattern, the light rays undergo diffraction and produce different colors.

Therefore, (d) peacock feathers are matched with (2) diffraction.

The colors that appear on the soap bubble is due to interference between the light rays that are reflected from the outer and inner surfaces of the soap bubble.

Therefore, (e) soap bubble is matched to (1) Interference.

Conclusion:

The matching is shown below.

1. 3
2. 5
3. 4
4. 2
5. 1