Interpretation: The name, charge of ions in the hydroxyapatite to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Formation of ions:
Atom possesses equal number of protons and electrons and remains electrically neutral. By gaining (accepting electrons) or losing (donating electrons) one or more electrons, convert the neutral atom into a charged particle called IONS.
Cation: The loss of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the atom positively charged called cation.
Anion: The gain of one or more electrons by a neutral atom leaves the neutral atom negatively charged called anion.
The symbolic representation of ions:
The electrons are reside in the principal quantum number ‘n’; by losing and gaining electron, reduces and increases in the electron count in the electronic configuration of the atom; for a cation adding positive charge as a superscript to the symbol of the element and for the anion adding negative charge as superscript to the symbol of the element.
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EBK FUNDAMENTALS OF GENERAL, ORGANIC, A
- Name the following compound and indicate whether or not is a reducing sugar:arrow_forwardA base is added to a 0.050 M solution of MnCl2, raising the pH gradually. Calculate the pH of the solution when 88 of the manganese has precipitated? Table 5-7 Solubility-Product Constants, K, at 25°C Fluorides Chromates (cont.) Ag, Cro, PbCro, Hydroxides (cont) Ni(OH), Zn(OH), Cu(OH), Hg(OH), Sn(OH), Cr(OH), A(OH), BaF, MgF, PbF, SrF, CaF, 2.4 x 10-5 X 10-8 x 10-8 1.9 x 10-12 1.6 x 10-16 4.5 X 10-17 1.6 x 10-19 3 2 x 10-16 4 Carbonates 7.9 x 10-10 3.9 x 10-11 X 10-26 NiCO, CaCO, BaCo, SrCO, CuCO, ZnCO, MnCO, 1.4 x 10-7 3 10-27 4.7 x 10- 6.7 x 5 x 6 x 10-38 2.5 x 10-43 Chlorides 10-31 1.6 x 10- 1.7 x 10-10 1.1 x 10-18 1.6 x 10-9 7 x 10-10 2.5 x 10-10 10-33 PBCI, AgCi Hg,Cl, Fe(OH), Co(OH), Sulfides 2 x 10-10 8.8 x 10-11 2.1 x 10-11 Bromides X 10-16 X 10-19 3 x 10-21 X 10-22 2.5 x 10-22 X 10-26 1.0 x 10-28 MnS 7. PbBr, AgBr Hg, Br, 4.6 x 10-6 5.0 x 10-13 Feco Ag,CO, CdCo, PBCO, MgCO, Hg,CO, Fes 4 8.2 x 10-12 5.2 x 10-12 1.5 x 10-15 1 x 10-15 NiS 1.3 x 10-22 Cos ZnS lodides Pbl, Agl…arrow_forwardDraw the structures of the following acids:(a) 2-Ethyl-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid (b) m-Nitrobenzoic acidarrow_forward
- Identify the acid on the left and its conjugate base on the right in the following equations:(a) HOCl + H2O ↔ H3O+ + OCl-(b) HONH2 + H2O ↔ HONH3+ + OH-(c) NH4+ + H2O ↔ NH3 + H3O+(d) 2HCO3-2 ↔ H2CO3 + CO3-2 (e) PO4-3 + H2PO4- ↔ 2HPO4-2arrow_forwardIdentify the conjugate acid-base pairs in the following reactions: HNO2(aq) + H2O(l) → NO2 – (aq) + H3O+(aq) _______ ______ _________ ________ CH3NH2 + H2O(l) → CH3NH3+ + OH – _______ ________ ________ _________arrow_forwardPsilocybin is a natural product of psychotropic "magic" mushrooms and has the Following structure: HO HO O=0 Psilocybin The pK a Of the first phosphate oxygen is 1.3, the pK. Of the second phosphate oxygen is 6.2, And the pKa Of the tertiary amine is 10.4. What is the average charge of psilocybin when Dissolved in your carbonic acid buffer of pH=6?arrow_forward
- The monopotassium salt of oxalic acid is present in certain leafy vegetables, including rhubarb. Both oxalic acid and its salts are poisonous in high concentrations. Draw the structural formula of monopotassium oxalatearrow_forwardA base is added to a 0.050 M solution of MnCl2, raising the pH gradually. Calculate the pH of the solution when 70 of the manganese has precipitated? Table 5-7 Solubility-Product Constants, K, at 25°C Fluorides Chromates (cont.) Ag, Cro, PbCro, Hydroxides (cont.) Ni(OH), Zn(OH), Cu(OH), Hg(OH)2 Sn(OH), Cr(OH), Al(OH), Fe(OH), Co(OH), Sulfides Baf, MGF2 PbF, SrF, CaF, 2.4 x 10-6 1.9 x 10-12 1.6 x 10-16 8 x 10-8 X 10-8 7.9 x 10-10 3.9 x 10-11 2 x 10-16 4.5 X 10-17 4 1.6 x 10-19 X 10-26 X 10-27 6.7 x 10-31 Carbonates NiCO, CaCO, BaCO, SrCO, CuCO, ZnCO, MNCO, FeCo, Ag,CO, CdCo, PbCO, M9CO, Hg,CO, 1.4 X 10-7 4.7 x 10-9 3. Chlorides 1.6 x 10-9 PbCl, AgCI Hg,Cl, х 10-33 X 10-38 2.5 x 10-43 1.6 x 10-5 X 10-10 2.5 x 10-10 2 x 10-1o 8.8 x 10-11 2.1 X 10-11 7 1.7 x 10-10 1.1 X 10-18 6. Bromides PbBr2 X 10-16 X 10-19 X 10-21 5 x 10-22 2.5 x 10-22 X 10-26 1.0 x 10-28 MnS 4.6 x 10-6 5.0 x 10-13 Fes 4. AgBr Hg,Br, 8.2 x 10-12 NiS Cos Zns 1.3 x 10-22 3 5.2 x 10-12 1.5 x 10-15 1 x 10-15 9.0 x 10-15…arrow_forwardIdentify the conjugate acids and bases in the following pairs of substances. (CH3)3NH / (CH3)3N *H3NCH2CH,C00 / H2NCH;CH2COO OOCCH,COOH/ 00CCH2CO0arrow_forward
- With the given structures, arrange the following compounds in order of decreasing reactivity towards hydrolysisarrow_forwardWhat mass of sodium glycolate (NaC2H3O3) should be added to 400.0 mL of 1.00 M glycolic acid to produce a buffer solution with a pH of 4.00? Ka = 1.47 x 10-4. Please indicate the full solutions.arrow_forwarddraw a fischer projection formula for the enantiomer of each of the following monosaccharides.arrow_forward