INTEGRATED PRINC.OF ZOOLOGY(LL)(FD)
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781260704310
Author: HICKMAN
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL CUSTOM PUBLISHING
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Chapter 32, Problem 10RQ
Explain the phrase “diet-induced thermogenesis” and relate it to the problem of obesity in some people. What other factors may contribute to human obesity?
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Explain the phrase “diet-induced thermogenesis” and relate it to the problem of obesity in some people. What other factors may contribute to human obesity?
Indicate whether the following metabolic processes primarily occur
during the FED STATE or FASTED STATE.
1. Release of insulin
2. Release of glucagon
3. Glycolysis
4. Glycogenesis
5. Gluconeogenesis
6. Lipogenesis
7. Glycogenolysis
8. Lipolysis
9. Glucose release
10. Glucose uptake
In the absence of food consumption, the rate of gluconeogenesis (GNG) tends to increase. Explain why this occurs and describe the range of substrates for GNG as fasting continues beyond 18 hours.
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Chapter 32 Solutions
INTEGRATED PRINC.OF ZOOLOGY(LL)(FD)
Ch. 32 - Distinguish the terms in the following pairs:...Ch. 32 - Suspension feeding is one of the most important...Ch. 32 - An animals feeding adaptations are an integral...Ch. 32 - Prob. 4RQCh. 32 - Compare intracellular with extracellular digestion...Ch. 32 - Which structural modifications vastly increase the...Ch. 32 - Prob. 7RQCh. 32 - Prob. 8RQCh. 32 - Explain how fats are emulsified and digested in...Ch. 32 - Explain the phrase diet-induced thermogenesis and...
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- Basal metabolic rate is a measure of ______. a. the total amount of calories you burn in 24 hours b. the amount of food energy needed to sustain basic body operations c. the amount of energy burned by skeletal muscle in a given period d. both a and barrow_forwardWhat are the 3 macronutrients and how do each provide energy to the body? Define the fed, post-absorptive, fasting, and starved states. Outline changes in the utilization of glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, and ketone bodies as the body transitions from the fed state to the prolonged starvation state. Describe the impacts of insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, and cortisol on CHO, lipid, and protein metabolism. Describe the major pathways that occur in the liver, muscle, adipose tissue. Describe which hormones exercise tends to increase and potential impacts on pathways we’ve discussed. Describe the cori cycle and the glucose-alanine cycle. Describe differences in primary fuel sources by exercise intensity. Describe classical vs moderate CHO loading in preparation for competition in trained athletes. Simple to the point answers please!arrow_forward(a) Choose one water-soluble and one fat-soluble vitamin. Draw their structures. Give a reference daily intake for each, in milligrams or micrograms. Give at least one metabolic role for each. List the condition caused by a deficiency of each, or describe the effects of a deficiency of each. Give a good dietary source of each. (b) Choose onearrow_forward
- In NOT MORE than 350 words, distinguish between the metabolic concepts presented by the terms: i. fed state, ii. fasted state/in-between meals, and iii. extended fasting/starvation. Your response should highlight the energy status of cells under these conditions, preferred fuels, predominant metabolic pathways, and hormonal effects on cellular processes.arrow_forwardName the protein that is up-regulated after a high energy content meal in an effort to increase energy expenditure to prevent the development of obesity.arrow_forwardThe crash diet or “no food” diet leads to rapid weight loss for the first 10-14 days and then weightloss slows dramatically. Explain these phenomena.arrow_forward
- It has been suggested that a high-sugar diet may lead to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Explain?arrow_forwardRecent recommendations on diet suggestthat the sources of calories should be distributed as follows: 50%–55% carbohydrate, 25%–30% fats, and 20% protein. Suggest somereasons for these recommendations.arrow_forwardThe typical human adult uses about 160 g of glucose per day, 120 g of which is used by the brain. The available reserve of glucose (~20 g of circulating glucose and ~190 g of glycogen) is adequate to sustain the individual for about one day. After the reserve has been depleted during starvation, how would the body obtain more glucose?arrow_forward
- In nutrition, are high calorie dense foods the same as concentrated sources of calories? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a true statement? A.) the resting skeletal muscle mostly produces energy by aerobic respiration B.) the development of the adipose tissue is influenced by the level circulating fatty acids C.) adiponectin is the only adipokine that can prevent or mitigate the effects of type 2 diabetes D.) Ghrelin is the direct link between the emptiness of the stomach and the sensation of hunger E.) all of the abovearrow_forward1) Discuss the differences between an essential and a nonessential nutrient in terms of dietary consumption. Can the body survive without the provision of essential and nonessential nutrients? If an individual utilizes basic diet-planning principles, can he or she be sure that he or she will be able to obtain all the necessary essential nutrients? Why or why not?arrow_forward
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