Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 32, Problem 7TYU
There is some evidence that pharyngeal slits occur in certain species of echinoderms that appear early in the fossil record. If confirmed, what do these data suggest?
a. Echinoderms are chordates.
b. Pharyngeal slits were present in the earliest echinoderms and lost later.
c. Some lineages of echinoderms are more closely related to chordates than others.
d. Pharyngeal slits should not be used as a trait in phylogenetic analysis.
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According to a cladistically-based classification system, tarsiers are:
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B. Prosimians, partly because of the presence of a tapetum lucidum and a rhinarium
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Based on the diagram, which statement is true about the evolution of animals?
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Echinoderms evolved after chordates.
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Chrondricthyes share chordate ancestors with myxini.
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Describe how paedomorphosis as a mechanism could explain the evolution of the chordate body plan (from echinoderm larval form to a craniate form).
Chapter 32 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 32 - True or false? Both echinoderms and vertebrates...Ch. 32 - 2. What trait(s) define(s) the vertebrates?
a....Ch. 32 - The two major lineages that make up the living...Ch. 32 - Most species of hominins are known only from...Ch. 32 - Mammals and birds are both endothermic. Which...Ch. 32 - MODEL Sketch a simple model of a generic chordate...Ch. 32 - 7. There is some evidence that pharyngeal slits...Ch. 32 - MODEL Draw a phylogeny of modem humans that would...Ch. 32 - 9. Consider the evolution of protostomes (Chapter...Ch. 32 - 10. MODEL Genetic diversity in living human...
Ch. 32 - Prob. 11PIATCh. 32 - CAUTION How is the opossum related to you? a. An...Ch. 32 - 13. Gene expression patterns can be used to test...Ch. 32 - 14. PROCESS OF SCIENCE Researchers studied mice...Ch. 32 - 15. The image of the opossum skull shows that the...Ch. 32 - Evolution often results in the co-option of a...
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- On a research expedition to the Galapagos, you and your research team discover four new species! All the animals appear to be chordates, but each animal has distinct traits: Animal A: Both vertebral column and jaws Animal B: Vertebral column, jaws, limbs and lays amniotic eggs (amniote) Animal C: Vertebral column Animal D: Vertebral column, jaws and limbs A. Identify four derived characteristics that all chordates share. B. Based on your understanding of phylogeny, map the animals and their traits onto the phylogenetic tree provided below. In your response, list each number (1-8) and indicate which trait or animal corresponds to that position on the phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardWhat is the closest common ancestor of the Allosaurus and Aves? A. Maniraptora B. Theropoda C. Dramaeosauridae D. Dinosauriaarrow_forwardGiven that modern echinoderms and chordates look nothing alike, what factors have led zoologists to propose a close evolutionary relationship between these two phyla?arrow_forward
- a) Which of the derived traits came into existence before the bony shell? b) List all the derived characters in the table that would have been present in the ancestor to gorillas, wolves and humans.arrow_forwardDescribe structural and functional adaptations that appeared in early amniotes that foreshadowed the mammalian body plan. Which mammalian attributes do you think were especially important to successful diversification of mammals?arrow_forwardWhat is one anatomical difference between Australopithecines and other early hominins, such as Ardi? A. There were no anatomical differences between Ardi and the Australopithecines. B. Ardi had a divergent big toe while the Australopithecines had non-divergent big toes. C. Australopithecines had more facial prognathism than Ardi. D. Australopithecines had larger canines than Ardi.arrow_forward
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