Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 33.3, Problem 2TYK
Action potentials
- require a threshold potential around –55 to –50 mV in order to occur.
- have many different shapes and sizes, depending on how a cell was stimulated.
- occur only in myelinated neurons.
- occur whenever a neuron is sufficiently hyperpolarized.
- are limited in their frequency by inactivation gates of
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The membrane potential caused by differences in ions across the plasma membrane of an electrically excitable cell (when not stimulated) is called:
action potential
resting membrane potential
graded potential
local potential
The changes in membrane potential when a neuron is transmitting information is called .....
threshold
action potential
chemical potential
resting potential
Match the stages of action potential with the appropriate image or description.
1.
Resting membrane potential
2.
Threshold
3.
Depolarization
4.
Repolarization
5.
Hyperpolarization
6.
Refractory period
The potential difference that must be met in order for an action potential to be generated
When the potential drops below resting level
When the potential starts to decrease again after it has reached a maximum
Occurs at -77 mV
When the membrane is resetting and an action potential cannot yet be produced again
When the sodium channels are open
Occurs at -55 mV
Chapter 33 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 33.1 - Which of the following is false? The CNS of...Ch. 33.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 33.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 33.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 33.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 33.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 33.2 - The resting membrane potential occurs because the...Ch. 33.3 - Are ions the only substances that can move through...Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 33.3 - Prob. 2CC
Ch. 33.3 - Which is false? Graded potentials may die out or...Ch. 33.3 - Action potentials require a threshold potential...Ch. 33.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 33.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 33.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 33.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 33.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 33.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 33.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 33.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 33.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 33.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 33.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 33.7 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 33.7 - Therapeutic drugs that reduce symptoms of...Ch. 33 - Prob. 1TYCh. 33 - Prob. 2TYCh. 33 - Prob. 3TYCh. 33 - Neurons that function mainly in connecting other...Ch. 33 - Prob. 5TYCh. 33 - Prob. 6TYCh. 33 - Prob. 7TYCh. 33 - Prob. 8TYCh. 33 - Prob. 9TYCh. 33 - Prob. 10TYCh. 33 - Describe the differences between graded and action...Ch. 33 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 33 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 33 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 33 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- When action potentials arrive at a synapse between a neuron and another cell, they stimulate the release of molecules of a ________ that diffuse over to that cell.arrow_forwardA neuron responds to adequate stimulation with _______, a type of self-propagating signal.arrow_forwardConformational changes in channel proteins brought about by voltage changes are responsible for opening and closing Na+ and K+ gates during the generation of an action potential. (True or false?)arrow_forward
- Assume presynaptic excitatory neuron A terminates on a postsynaptic cell near the axon hillock and presynaptic excitatory neuron B terminates on the same postsynaptic cell on a dendrite located on the side of the cell body opposite the axon hillock. Explain why rapid firing of presynaptic neuron A could bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold through temporal summation, thus initiating an action potential, whereas firing of presynaptic neuron B at the same frequency and the same magnitude of EPSPs may not bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold.arrow_forwardWhich of the following voltages would most likely be measured during the relative refractory period? +30 mV 0 mV -45 mV -80 mvarrow_forwardFigure 35.11 Potassium channel blockers, such as amiodarone and procainamide, which are used to treat abnormal electrical activity in the heart, called cardiac dysrhythmia, impede the movement of K+ through voltage-gated K+ channels. Which part of the action potential would you expect potassium channels to affect?arrow_forward
- 1. Which of the following is the rapid upstroke in the action potential? A. Phase 0 B. Phase 1 C. Phase 2 D. Phase 3arrow_forwardA common membrane-bound intermediary between the receptor and the effector protein within the plasma membrane is the __________________.arrow_forwardThe accelerating flow of _______ ions through gated channels across the membrane triggers an action potential. a. potassium b. sodium c. hydrogen d. a and barrow_forward
- Which of the following can increase the likelihood of a neuron generating an action potential? tetrodotoxin (TTX) reducing the external concentration of K+ decreased diffusion of K+ through leak channels out of the neuron All of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following describes a threshold potential? A brief reversal of the charge difference across a neuron's plasma membrane The membrane potential at which voltage-gated sodium channels in a neuron axon open, causing an action potential The membrane potential of a neuron at restarrow_forward
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