Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780073401331
Author: William Navidi Prof.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 3.4, Problem 13E
Archaeologists studying meat storage methods employed by the Nunamiut in northern Alaska have developed a Meat Drying Index. Following is a slightly simplified version of the index given in the article “A Zooarchaeological Signature for Meat Storage: Rethinking the Drying Utility Index” (T. Friesen, American Antiquity, 2001:315–331). Let m represent the weight of meat, b the weight of bone, and g the gross weight of some part of a caribou. The Meat Drying Index y is given by y = mb/g. Assume that for a particular caribou rib, the following measurements are made (in grams): g = 3867.4 ± 0.3, b = 1037.0 ± 0.2, m =2650.4 ± 0.1.
- a. Estimate y, and find the uncertainty in the estimate.
- b. Which would provide the greatest reduction in the uncertainty in y: reducing the uncertainty in g to 0.1 g, reducing the uncertainty in b to 0.1 g, or reducing the uncertainty in m to 0?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Six samples of each of four types of cereal grain grown in a certain region were analyzed to determine thiamin content, resulting in the following data (µg/g).
Wheat
5.3
4.4
6.1
6.1
6.6
5.8
Barley
6.4
8.1
6.2
7.5
5.9
5.6
Maize
5.7
4.8
6.5
5.0
6.1
5.2
Oats
8.2
6.1
7.9
7.1
5.4
7.3
Does this data suggest that at least two of the grains differ with respect to true average thiamin content? Use a level ? = 0.05 test.State the appropriate hypotheses.
H0: ?1 ≠ ?2 ≠ ?3 ≠ ?4 Ha: at least two ?i's are equal H0: ?1 = ?2 = ?3 = ?4 Ha: at least two ?i's are unequal H0: ?1 = ?2 = ?3 = ?4 Ha: all four ?i's are unequal H0: ?1 ≠ ?2 ≠ ?3 ≠ ?4 Ha: all four ?i's are equal
Compute the test statistic value. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)f = What can be said about the P-value for the test?
P-value > 0.100 0.050 < P-value < 0.100 0.010 < P-value < 0.050 0.001 < P-value < 0.010 P-value < 0.001
State the conclusion in the problem context.
Reject H0.…
The table lists the average gestation period (in days) and longevity (in years) for the following mammals, as reported in The World Almanac and Book of Facts 2006.
Mammal
Gestation, y(days)
Longevity, x(years)
Mammal
Gestation, y(days)
Longevity, x(years)
Baboon
187
20
Camel
406
12
Bear, black
219
18
Cat
63
12
Bear, grizzly
225
25
Chimpanzee
230
20
Bear, polar
240
20
Chipmunk
31
6
Beaver
105
5
Cow
284
15
Buffalo
285
15
Deer
201
8
Dog
61
12
Monkey
164
15
Donkey
365
12
Moose
240
12
Elephant
645
40
Mouse
21
3
Elk
250
15
Opossum
13
1
Fox
52
7
Pig
112
10
Giraffe
457
10
Puma
90
12
Goat
151
8
Rabbit
31
5
Gorilla
258
20
Rhinoceros
450
15
Guinea pig
48
4
Sea lion
350
12
Hippopotamus
238
41
Sheep
154
12
Horse
330
20
Squirrel
44
10
Kangaroo…
The table lists the average gestation period (in days) and longevity (in years) for the following mammals, as reported in The World Almanac and Book of Facts 2006.
Mammal
Gestation, y(days)
Longevity, x(years)
Mammal
Gestation, y(days)
Longevity, x(years)
Baboon
187
20
Camel
406
12
Bear, black
219
18
Cat
63
12
Bear, grizzly
225
25
Chimpanzee
230
20
Bear, polar
240
20
Chipmunk
31
6
Beaver
105
5
Cow
284
15
Buffalo
285
15
Deer
201
8
Dog
61
12
Monkey
164
15
Donkey
365
12
Moose
240
12
Elephant
645
40
Mouse
21
3
Elk
250
15
Opossum
13
1
Fox
52
7
Pig
112
10
Giraffe
457
10
Puma
90
12
Goat
151
8
Rabbit
31
5
Gorilla
258
20
Rhinoceros
450
15
Guinea pig
48
4
Sea lion
350
12
Hippopotamus
238
41
Sheep
154
12
Horse
330
20
Squirrel
44
10
Kangaroo…
Chapter 3 Solutions
Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
Ch. 3.1 - The boiling point of water is measured four times....Ch. 3.1 - Two thermometers are calibrated by measuring the...Ch. 3.1 - The weight of an object is given as 67.2 0.3 g....Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 3.1 - A person stands on a bathroom scale. The reading...Ch. 3.1 - A person gets on and off a bathroom scale four...Ch. 3.1 - In a hypothetical scenario, the National Institute...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 8ECh. 3.1 - A new and unknown weight is weighed on the same...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 3.1 - The length of a rod was measured eight times. The...Ch. 3.2 - Assume that X and Y are independent measurements...Ch. 3.2 - The length of a rod is to be measured by a process...Ch. 3.2 - The volume of a cone is given by V = r2h/3, where...Ch. 3.2 - In the article The Worlds Longest Continued Series...Ch. 3.2 - A cylindrical hole is bored through a steel block,...Ch. 3.2 - A force of F = 2.2 0.1 N is applied to a block...Ch. 3.2 - The period T of a simple pendulum is given by...Ch. 3.2 - The specific gravity of a substance is given by G...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 3.2 - According to Newtons law of cooling, the...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 3.2 - Nine independent measurements are made of the...Ch. 3.2 - A certain scale has an uncertainty of 3 g and a...Ch. 3.2 - The volume of a rock is measured by placing the...Ch. 3.2 - A student measures the spring constant k of a...Ch. 3.2 - A certain chemical process is run 10 times at a...Ch. 3.2 - An object is weighed four times, and the results,...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 3.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 3.3 - Find the uncertainty in Y, given that X = 2.0 0.3...Ch. 3.3 - Given that X and Y are related by the given...Ch. 3.3 - The volume of a cone is given by V = r2h/3, where...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 4ECh. 3.3 - The period T of a simple pendulum is given by...Ch. 3.3 - The change in temperature of an iron bar brought...Ch. 3.3 - The friction velocity F of water flowing through a...Ch. 3.3 - The refractive index n of a piece of glass is...Ch. 3.3 - The density of a rock will be measured by placing...Ch. 3.3 - The conversion of ammonium cyanide to urea is a...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 3.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 3.3 - The acceleration g due to gravity is estimated by...Ch. 3.3 - Refer to Exercise 4. Assume that T = 298.4 0.2 K....Ch. 3.3 - Refer to Exercise 5. a. Assume g = 9.80 m/s2...Ch. 3.3 - Refer to Exercise 6. Assume that c = 448 J/kgC and...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 3.3 - Refer to Exercise 8. Assume the critical angle is...Ch. 3.3 - Refer to Exercise 9. Assume that the mass of the...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 3.4 - Find the uncertainty in U, assuming that X = 10.0 ...Ch. 3.4 - The volume of a cone is given by V = r2h/3, where...Ch. 3.4 - From a fixed point on the ground, the distance to...Ch. 3.4 - Refer to Exercise 10 in Section 3.2. Assume that ...Ch. 3.4 - When air enters a compressor at pressure P1 and...Ch. 3.4 - One way to measure the water content of a soil is...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 8ECh. 3.4 - The Beer-Lambert law relates the absorbance A of a...Ch. 3.4 - In the article Temperature-Dependent Optical...Ch. 3.4 - Refer to Exercise 12 in Section 3.2. Assume that 0...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 3.4 - Archaeologists studying meat storage methods...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 14ECh. 3.4 - A cylindrical wire of radius R elongates when...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 3.4 - Refer to Exercise 16. In an experiment to...Ch. 3.4 - The vertical displacement v of a cracked slurry...Ch. 3.4 - The shape of a bacterium can be approximated by a...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 3.4 - Refer to Exercise 10 in Section 3.2. Assume that ...Ch. 3.4 - Refer to Exercise 5. Assume that P1 = 15.3 0.2...Ch. 3.4 - Refer to Exercise 7. Assume that p = 4.3 0.1 cm...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 24ECh. 3.4 - Refer to Exercise 12. Estimate n, and find the...Ch. 3.4 - Refer to Exercise 14. Assume that l = 10.0 cm ...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 27ECh. 3.4 - Refer to Exercise 16. Assume that T0 = 73.1 0.1F,...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 30ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 31ECh. 3 - Prob. 1SECh. 3 - Prob. 2SECh. 3 - Prob. 3SECh. 3 - Prob. 4SECh. 3 - Prob. 5SECh. 3 - Let A and B represent two variants (alleles) of...Ch. 3 - The heating capacity of a calorimeter is known to...Ch. 3 - Sixteen independent measurements were made of the...Ch. 3 - If two gases have molar masses M1 and M2, Grahams...Ch. 3 - A piece of plywood is composed of five layers. The...Ch. 3 - The article Effect of Varying Solids Concentration...Ch. 3 - Prob. 13SECh. 3 - Prob. 14SECh. 3 - Prob. 15SECh. 3 - The mean yield from process A is estimated to be...Ch. 3 - The flow rate of water through a cylindrical pipe...Ch. 3 - Prob. 18SECh. 3 - The decomposition of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) into...Ch. 3 - Prob. 20SECh. 3 - A track has the shape of a square capped on two...Ch. 3 - Prob. 22SECh. 3 - Prob. 23SE
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A survey among the workers in a large manufacturing company was taken, in order to findout from which company the workers had purchased their mobile phones, and to find outwhether the choice of mobile phone company was related to the type of worker. The resultsare shown in the table below. ls there evidence, at 5% level, that the choice of Phone Company is independent of the type ofworker?arrow_forwardb) Estimate the degrees of freedom within and between mileage at each type of gasoline used.arrow_forwardThe accompanying data set consists of observationson shower-flow rate (L/min) for a sample of n 5 129houses in Perth, Australia (“An Application of BayesMethodology to the Analysis of Diary Records in aWater Use Study,” J. Amer. Stat. Assoc., 1987:705–711):4.6 12.3 7.1 7.0 4.0 9.2 6.7 6.9 11.5 5.111.2 10.5 14.3 8.0 8.8 6.4 5.1 5.6 9.6 7.57.5 6.2 5.8 2.3 3.4 10.4 9.8 6.6 3.7 6.48.3 6.5 7.6 9.3 9.2 7.3 5.0 6.3 13.8 6.25.4 4.8 7.5 6.0 6.9 10.8 7.5 6.6 5.0 3.37.6 3.9 11.9 2.2 15.0 7.2 6.1 15.3 18.9 7.25.4 5.5 4.3 9.0 12.7 11.3 7.4 5.0 3.5 8.28.4 7.3 10.3 11.9 6.0 5.6 9.5 9.3 10.4 9.75.1 6.7 10.2 6.2 8.4 7.0 4.8 5.6 10.5 14.610.8 15.5 7.5 6.4 3.4 5.5 6.6 5.9 15.0 9.67.8 7.0 6.9 4.1 3.6 11.9 3.7 5.7 6.8 11.39.3 9.6 10.4 9.3 6.9 9.8 9.1 10.6 4.5 6.28.3 3.2 4.9 5.0 6.0 8.2 6.3 3.8 6.0 a. Construct a stem-and-leaf display of the data.b. What is a typical, or representative, flow rate?c. Does the display appear to be highly concentrated orspread out?d. Does the distribution of values appear to…arrow_forward
- The following SPSS output examines the percent of security staff that is female at private and public prisons. Based on the output answer the question below. Which is the most appropriate degrees of freedom to report? .000 1643 487.815 1.1490arrow_forwardrofessor Cornish studied rainfall cycles and sunspot cycles. (Reference: Australian Journal of Physics, Vol. 7, pp. 334-346.) Part of the data include amount of rain (in mm) for 6-day intervals. The following data give rain amounts for consecutive 6-day intervals at Adelaide, South Australia. 7 28 7 1 69 3 1 4 22 7 16 4 54 160 60 73 27 3 3 1 7 144 107 4 91 44 1 8 4 22 4 59 116 52 4 155 42 24 11 43 3 24 19 74 26 63 110 39 34 71 52 39 8 0 15 2 14 9 1 2 4 9 6 10 (i) Find the median. (Use 1 decimal place.)(ii) Convert this sequence of numbers to a sequence of symbols A and B, where A indicates a value above the median and B a value below the median. Test the sequence for randomness about the median at the 5% level of significance. (b) Find the number of runs R, n1, and n2. Let n1 = number of values above the median and n2 = number of values below the median. R n1 n2 (c) In the case, n1 > 20, we cannot use Table 10 of Appendix II to find the critical…arrow_forwardThe following data was reported on total Fe for four types of iron formation (1 = carbonate, 2 = silicate, 3 = magnetite, 4 = hematite). 1: 20.3 28.1 27.8 27.0 27.5 25.2 25.3 27.1 20.5 31.2 2: 26.1 24.0 26.2 20.2 23.9 34.0 17.1 26.8 23.7 24.8 3: 30.2 34.0 27.5 29.4 28.4 26.2 29.9 29.5 30.0 36.1 4: 36.3 44.2 34.1 30.3 32.0 33.1 34.1 32.9 36.3 25.3 Carry out an analysis of variance F test at significance level 0.01. State the appropriate hypotheses. H0: ?1 = ?2 = ?3 = ?4 Ha: all four ?i's are unequal H0: ?1 = ?2 = ?3 = ?4 Ha: at least two ?i's are unequal H0: ?1 ≠ ?2 ≠ ?3 ≠ ?4 Ha: all four ?i's are equal H0: ?1 ≠ ?2 ≠ ?3 ≠ ?4 Ha: at least two ?i's are equal Summarize the results in an ANOVA table. (Round your answers two decimal places.) Source df Sum ofSquares MeanSquares f Treatments Error Total Give the test statistic. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)f = What can be said about the P-value for the test? P-value >…arrow_forward
- In an experiment to determine the effect of ambient temperature on the emissons of oxides of nitrogen ( NOx ) of diesel trucks, 10 trucks were run at temperatures of 40°F and 80°F . The emissions, in parts per billion, are presented in the following table. Truck 40°F 80°F 1 926.5 896.7 2 851.1 857.0 3 975.5 952.1 4 1009.3 884.8 5 871.8 840.7 6 949.2 885.1 7 1006.3 885.5 8 836.5 777.8 9 837.8 850.2 10 958.9 882.1 Send data to Excel Let μ1 represent the mean emission at 40°F and =μd−μ1μ2 .Can you conclude that the mean emission differs between the two temperatures? Use the =α0.05 level of significance and the TI-84 Plus calculator to answer the following. p value ? do we reject? is there enough evidence :?arrow_forwardPet Owners A study of pet owners showed the following information concerning the ownership of the dogs and cats. At =α0.10 , is there a relationship between the number of people in a family and dog or cat ownership? Use the critical value method with tables. 1 person 2 people 3 people 4 or more people Dog 5 15 10 25 Cat 10 15 15 15 1)State the hypotheses and identify the claim. H0: Pet ownership is ▼(DEPENDANT ON or INDEPENDANT OF?) the number of people living in the household. (CLAIM OR NOT CLAIM?) H1 : Pet ownership is (DEPENDANT ON or INDEPENDANT OF?) the number of people living in the household. (CLAIM OR NOT CLAIM?) 2. Find the critical value 3. Compute the test value: X^2= 4. Reject or Do not reject the null hypothesis 5. Summarize: Is there or is there not enough evidence to reject the claim?Is there or is there not enough evidence to support the claim?arrow_forwardA researcher is interested in testing the relationship between smoking and BMI (kg/m2) in adults aged 30-45. In order to test this association, the researcher divides smoking into currently more than a pack a day, currently less than a pack a day, and never smokers. The following table represents the BMIs for each participant enrolled by their respective smoking category. Current Smoker (≥1pack/day) Current Smoker (<1 pack/day Never Smoked 26.7 29.4 22.1 29.4 28.6 30.4 24.3 27.4 21.3 28.4 23.2 26.4 21.6 20.1 19.7 27.4 20.6 19.8 26.8 19.7 21.6 36.4 19.6 22.3 31.5 21.6 24.3 27.4 21.5 *Continue as though all assumptions for ANOVA are met. A) Calculate the MSW and MSB for the data represented above. B) Carry out a formal test for a one-way analysis of variance among the groups and interpret your results.arrow_forward
- The following data was reported on total Fe for four types of iron formation (1 = carbonate, 2 = silicate, 3 = magnetite, 4 = hematite). 1: 20.6 28.1 27.8 27.0 27.9 25.2 25.3 27.1 20.5 31.2 2: 26.5 24.0 26.2 20.2 23.6 34.0 17.1 26.8 23.7 24.8 3: 30.2 34.0 27.5 29.4 28.3 26.2 29.9 29.5 30.0 35.8 4: 36.6 44.2 34.1 30.3 32.0 33.1 34.1 32.9 36.3 25.2 Carry out an analysis of variance F test at significance level 0.01. State the appropriate hypotheses. H0: ?1 ≠ ?2 ≠ ?3 ≠ ?4Ha: at least two ?i's are equalH0: ?1 = ?2 = ?3 = ?4Ha: all four ?i's are unequal H0: ?1 ≠ ?2 ≠ ?3 ≠ ?4Ha: all four ?i's are equalH0: ?1 = ?2 = ?3 = ?4Ha: at least two ?i's are unequal Summarize the results in an ANOVA table. (Round your answers two decimal places.) Source df Sum ofSquares MeanSquares f Treatments Error Total Give the test statistic. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)arrow_forwardKaitlyn measures the upload speed in megabits per second of her home broadband internet connection during peak hours and off-peak hours. The results are provided in the accompanying table. Peak Off-Peak 5.83 5.14 6.05 6.80 7.14 6.98 3.54 5.77 5.45 7.27 5.90 6.62 5.81 6.19 4.82 6.08 6.37 6.59 4.65 5.58 5.30 7.41 6.48 6.26 5.96 6.37 5.79 6.31 6.84 6.55 5.06 4.95 5.61 7.03 6.45 6.77 Examine the results of Kaitlyn's test to determine the statements that compare the medians and interquartile ranges of the data sets to each other in terms of this situation. Select the two correct answers. The median upload speed during peak hours is 5.905 megabits per second, which is less than the median upload speed during off-peak hours, 7.005 megabits per second. The upload speeds during peak hours are slower on average compared to off-peak times. The median upload speed during peak hours is 6.37 megabits per second, which is greater than the median upload speed during…arrow_forwardA survey of the opinions of property owners about a street widening project was taken to determine whether the resulting opinion was related to the distance of front footage. A randomly selected sample of 100 property owners was contacted and the results are shown below. Opinion Front-Footage For Undecided Against Under 45 feet 12 4 4 45 – 120 feet 35 5 30 Over 120 feet 3 2 5 What is the computed value of chi-square? 5.4787 4.9985 9.2784 7.9842 11.0355arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
MATLAB: An Introduction with ApplicationsStatisticsISBN:9781119256830Author:Amos GilatPublisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...StatisticsISBN:9781305251809Author:Jay L. DevorePublisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...StatisticsISBN:9781305504912Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. WallnauPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...StatisticsISBN:9780134683416Author:Ron Larson, Betsy FarberPublisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319042578Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. FlignerPublisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319013387Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. CraigPublisher:W. H. Freeman
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305251809
Author:Jay L. Devore
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305504912
Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...
Statistics
ISBN:9780134683416
Author:Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319042578
Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319013387
Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Hypothesis Testing using Confidence Interval Approach; Author: BUM2413 Applied Statistics UMP;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hq1l3e9pLyY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Hypothesis Testing - Difference of Two Means - Student's -Distribution & Normal Distribution; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcZwyzwWU7o;License: Standard Youtube License