Pearson eText Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections -- Access Card (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135213827
Author: Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 35, Problem 11TYK
Summary Introduction
To determine: Why do identical twins make such a good subject for studying roles of inheritance and upbringing in human behavior and what studies suggest and the potential pitfalls of research and also the abuse in the use of these data if the studies are not evaluated critically.
Concept introduction:
Identical twins are also known as monozygotic twins as they develop from single zygote splitted to form two identical embryos. The twins are formed after the collapse of blastocyst and splitting of progenitor cells. The same genetic material is duplicated in both and developed of two fetuses take place.
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Researchers are very interested in studying identical twins separated at birth and raised apart. So far, data suggests that such twins are more alike than researchers predicted; they frequently have similar personalities, mannerisms, habits, and interests. What general questions do you think researchers hope to answer by studying such twins? Why do identical twins make good subjects for this research? What abuses might occur if the studies are not evaluated critically and if the results are carelessly cited to support a social agenda?
How much of our behavior is determined by our genes versus the environment? Provide two examples of why or why not.What do you think are the pros and cons for an individual if they believe genes determine their behaviors? What are the pros and cons for individuals if they believe nature determines their behaviors? What do you think are the implications for society if we put a lot of weight on nature or nurture?
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Chapter 35 Solutions
Pearson eText Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections -- Access Card (9th Edition)
Ch. 35 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 35 - Pheasants do not feed their chicks. Immediately...Ch. 35 - A blue jay that aids its parents in raising its...Ch. 35 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 35 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 35 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 35 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 35 - Crows break the shells of certain molluscs before...Ch. 35 - Prob. 10TYK
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- Which of the following is true about evolutionary psychology? a. Natural selection works differently in humans than other animals. b. It is easy to test evolutionary hypotheses by doing experiments. c.Most social behaviors are genetically determined with little influence by the social environment. d. Evolutionary approaches can generate novel hypotheses about social behavior that can then be tested with experiments.arrow_forwardHuman behavioral traits are quantitative traits. What does it mean? What are these environmental factors affecting human behaviors? Please list them as many as you can. Based on the research results on the genetics of human behaviors, what do you think about the debate of 'Nature vs. Nurture'? Are we responsible for our behaviors or it is in our genes? Please explain?arrow_forwardHow does sociobiology explain the development of human behavior?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is LEAST consistent with how behavior tends to evolve? Changes to underlying neural mechanisms, such as neurotransmitter receptors that affect motivation, can result in major changes in behavioral phenotypes Tweaks to the developmental process, such as play or learning, can cause evolutionary divergence in behavior Changes in the properties of sensory receptors can shift preferences and choices Variation in the gene for a given behavior results in population divergence  Why are there biases in learning processes? The initial neural structure underlying learning may not allow every possible learned association Some cues are more likely than others to be associated with particular things, which has shaped the evolution of neural networks that represent the world Reducing the range of possible things a brain can learn can be one way to reduce the costs of learning All of the abovearrow_forwardList some challenges associated with studying the genetics of behavior, and explain how linkage analysis, microarrays, and genome-wide association studies address some of those challengesarrow_forwardSome insects, when attacked, will release a chemical that will cause other members of their species to become aggressive or fly. These chemicals are called   pheromones.   hormones.   enzymes.   toxins  A scientist is researching behavior in a certain species of bird. The scientist realizes that by providing a certain stimulus only during a specific stage in early life will cause the baby birds to think he is their mother. This behavior by the baby birds is called   innate   imprinting.   fixed action behavior.   social learning   Which of the following statements is (are) true of fixed action patterns?   They are highly stereotyped, instinctive behaviors.   They are triggered by sign stimuli in the environment and, once begun, are continued to completion.   An inappropriate stimulus can sometimes trigger them.   A and B only   A, B, and Carrow_forward
- How is it possible that we are able to identify correlations between phenotype and some patterns of behavior?arrow_forwardwhy did philosophers of the age believe that we could apply the scientific method to develop "laws" for human behavior? And example?arrow_forward• Match the following terms to the correct explanation.1. Epigenetics2. Molecular behavior genetics3. Behavior geneticsa. Study of the relative effects of our genes and our environment on our behavior.b. Study of how the structure and function of specific genes interact with our envi-ronment to influence behavior.c. Study of environmental factors that affect how our genes are expressedarrow_forward
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