ETEXT CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS INSTANT
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135964422
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 35, Problem 11TYU
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The reason that the polio vaccine is given to the children even though most neurons of the body are irreplaceable.
Introduction:
Polio virus is the member of the picornaviridae. It is an RNA virus that causes infection that result in the disease polio. Polio is a disease in which the polio virus damages the nerves that leads to the paralysis of the limbs. It is spread through the fecal–oral route.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Why were Henrietta Lacks’ cells unique? What are some of the most important applications HeLa cells have had in advancing medical research and innovation? Explain
A vaccine IMAGINERIX was introduced against a new Gloomy virus (hypothetical names). While the vaccinated population were immunized against Gloomy virus, a few reports followed, claiming that some developed symptoms of multiple sclerosis.
(a) What is the possible connection between the use of Imaginerix and multiple sclerosis?
(b) State ONE possible treatment option for multiple sclerosis.
We talked in one of our first lectures about how we began to understand the potentiation of an action potential down an axon by stimulating and recording electrical changes in a giant squid neuron. Which neuroscience method enabled that discovery?
Immunohistochemistry
Electrophysiology
Transgenic mouse lines
Chemogenetics
Chapter 35 Solutions
ETEXT CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS INSTANT
Ch. 35.1 - Pus is both a sign of infection and an indicator...Ch. 35.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How do the molecules that...Ch. 35.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 35.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35.2 - Explain how memory cells strengthen the immune...Ch. 35.2 - WHAT IF? If both copies of a light-chain gene and...Ch. 35.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 35.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 35 - Prob. 1TYU
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Human immune system a) Pathogen-associated molecular patterns are conserved molecular structures produced by microorganisms, but not by host cells. b) A virus-infected host cell that displays a viral antigen via MHC class I molecules may become a target of cytotoxic T cells. c) Secreted MHC Class I proteins present in blood plasma can function as opsonins. d) Both (a) and (b) are correct and (c) is incorrect e) Statements (a), (b) and (c) are all correctarrow_forwardThe virus shown in the diagram below is only able to infect and replicate in epithelial cells. In order for the cross-presenting dendritic cell to display viral peptides, rather than self peptides on its surface MHC class I proteins, which of the following procedures could be utilized, starting with the components shown in the figure below? Mix epithelial cells with heat-killed virus, wait 24 hrs, wash away any virus particles outside the epithelial cells, then add epithelial cells to dendritic cells. Mix epithelial cells with viral peptides, wait 24 hrs, wash away any viral peptides not bound to the epithelial cells, then add epithelial cells to dendritic cells. Mix epithelial cells with live virus particles, wait 24 hrs, wash away any virus particles outside the epithelial cells, then add epithelial cells to dendritic cells. Mix dendritic cells with viral nucleic acids and epithelial cells for 24 hrs. MIx epithelial cells will viral nucleic acids, wait 24 hrs, wash away any viral…arrow_forwardIt's the first day of university exams and Sarah has woken up with a sore throat, headache, muscle aches and a low grade fever. Her GP diagnoses her with a viral infection and tells her to go home, rest and drink plenty of fluids.Question 1A:Name one of the most likely innate immune system receptors to initially detect this infection and where in host cells this receptor is located? Question 1B: Which cytokine primarily drives the innate anti-viral host response? Question 1C: Describe the antiviral signaling events that take place inside an infected cell in response to this cytokine. Question 1D: Provide a biological explanation for why Sarah was more likely to suffer a viral infection during her periodarrow_forward
- Part || – An Unexpected Visitor After Ivy was finished meeting with Dr. Alvarez, she didn't feel like going back to her dorm room where her room- mates were waiting to hear from her. She decided to process her diagnosis at the local coffee shop. Curling up in an oversized chair with a warm cookie and peppermint hot cocoa with whipped cream always made her feel better. Sitting alone would give her time to think. How could something so important go so wrong in her cells? How did cells get or make the mitochondria anyway? Obviously, cells could survive without mitochondria if they had to, so why had mitochondria evolved in the first place? Just then, Ali, a fellow student in her biology class who made it a point to sit near her each class, walked over to strike up a conversation. "Hi Ivy! Whať's up?" Trying to avoid conversation, Ivy simply shrugged and mumbled, “Not much." Ali gave her a big smile and said "I've noticed that you take good notes in bio, would you want to study together...…arrow_forward1) Ahh! COVID Zombies are attacking us and we have to run for our lives! This means our _________ is activated. Group of answer choices Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system Endocrine system Immune system 2) ou walked into your little sister’s room and it smelled strongly of marijuana smoke. You noticed it right away. After a few minutes, though, you stopped noticing the smell. This best illustrates: Group of answer choices Priming Transduction Schemas Sensory adaptationarrow_forwardBecause of similarities between hypoxia associated with high altitude and COVID-19, some studies have suggested that people living at high altitude may be accustom to low blood oxygen levels and therefore less adversely effected by coronavirus infection. Based on your knowledge of acclimation/adaptations to high-altitude, DISCUSS whether you think high altitude hypoxia might protected against coronavirus infection. Justify your answer. Your words may not be more than 100 words.arrow_forward
- comprehension) A scientist hypothesized that her vaccine would stimulate the immune system to attack melanoma (skin cancer) tumors and reduce their growth. To test the hypothesis, 100 melanoma patients were injected with the vaccine in a saline solution (Group A) and 100 melanoma patients were injected with only the saline solutionarrow_forwardAn antigen acts is a molecule that acts like a name tag, allowing the immune system to recognize the cell it is attached to. The name tag might say: "Hello I'm... a deadly virus," or “Hello I'm... a healthy human cell." It is very important that an antigen for a deadly virus and a healthy human cell are very different, so that the immune system does not make a mistake and attack healthy human body cells. Which of the following molecules do you think would make good antigens for recognizing a pathogen? Justify your answer. You may choose more than one. 1) a cell wall protein 2) a piece of DNA inside a cell 3) a protein that is part of a flagella 4) a uniquely shaped protein that is part of a virus 5) a protein that is only made by prokaryotic cells 6) a protein that is only made by eukaryotic cellsarrow_forwardTo put an end to the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccines were developed against the virus and people eligible to receive these are encouraged to get vaccinated. How do these vaccines work? * The vaccine will not cause the disease, but will help develop the body’s first line of defense. The vaccine mimics the virus that causes the disease and triggers the creation of antibodies. No answer The presence of the virus in the vaccine will improve the innate immune response of the body. The vaccine causes a mild infection that will trigger the production of antibodies against the virus.arrow_forward
- Use the following choices for the next set of questions. A choice may be used zero or more times: a)MHC class I b) MHC class Il C) both MHC class I and II d) neither MHC class | or II e) cannot be determined 21) expressed on T cells 22) captures antigens present in endosomes 23) strongly affected by proteasomal inhibition 24) downregulated by many viruses 25) the genes responsible for expression are monomorphic, meaning that identical alleles are shared throughout the populationarrow_forwarda) How does Venetoclax, a BH3 mimetic, function in increasing cellular death? In your answer make sure you include what molecules Venetoclax binds and how this helps trigger cell death. b) How would addition of a BH3 mimetic increase cytoplasmic p53-mediated cellular death?arrow_forwardWhen vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is used to infect mice via footpad injection, viral particles are trapped in the draining lymph node (the popliteal lymph node) within 5 minutes of injection. These viral particles are then retained in the lymph node for many hours, where they can be visualized on cells that are interacting with B cells. The cells retaining the viral particles in the lymph node are not tissue-resident dendritic cells that have migrated to the lymph node with the virus, as this process takes much longer than 5 minutes. In which region of the lymph node would you expect to find the trapped viral particles and on which cells?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Immune System Diseases and Disorders; Author: Heather Davis;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3lIkxNv7MVI;License: Standard youtube license