Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133953982
Author: SERWAY, Raymond A./
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 35, Problem 20P
Two flat, rectangular mirrors, both perpendicular to a horizontal sheet of paper, are set edge to edge with their reflecting surfaces perpendicular to each other. (a) A light ray in the plane of the paper strikes one of the mirrors at an arbitrary angle of incidence θ1. Prove that the final direction of the ray, after reflection from both mirrors, is opposite its initial direction, (b) What If? Now assume the paper is replaced with a third flat mirror, touching edges with the other two and perpendicular to both, creating a corner-cube retroreflector (Fig. 35.8a). A ray of light is incident from any direction within the octant of space bounded by the reflecting surfaces. Argue that the ray will reflect once from each mirror and that its final direction will be opposite its original direction. The Apollo 11 astronauts placed a panel of corner-cube retroreflectors on the Moon. Analysis of timing data taken with it reveals that the radius of the Moon’s orbit is increasing at the rate of 3.8 cm/yr as it loses kinetic energy because of tidal friction.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
(a) The index of refraction for violet light in silica flint glass is 1.66, and that for red light is 1.62. What is the angular spread (in degrees) of visible light passing through a prism of apex angle 60.0° if the angle of incidence is 54.0°?
(b) What If? What is the angular spread (in degrees) of visible light passing through a prism of apex angle 60.0° if the angle of incidence is 90°?
A ray of light crosses the boundary between some substance with n = 1.61 and air, going from the substance into air. If the angle of incidence is 18◦ what is the angle of refraction?
Calculate to 1decimal.
Consider the case in which light ray A is
incident on mirTor 1, as shown in the figure.
The reflected ray is incident on mirror 2 and
subsequently reflected as ray B. Let the an-
gle of incidence (with respect to the normal)
on mirror 1 be 0a = 41° and the point of
incidence be located 20 cm from the edge of
contact between the two mirrors.
mirror 2
B
OB
90°
mirror 1
What is the angle of the reflection of ray B
(with respect to the normal) on mirror 2?
Answer in units of°.
Chapter 35 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
Ch. 35.4 - Prob. 35.1QQCh. 35.5 - If beam is the incoming beam in Figure 34.10b,...Ch. 35.5 - Light passes from a material with index of...Ch. 35.7 - Prob. 35.4QQCh. 35.8 - Prob. 35.5QQCh. 35 - Prob. 1OQCh. 35 - Prob. 2OQCh. 35 - Prob. 3OQCh. 35 - Prob. 4OQCh. 35 - Prob. 5OQ
Ch. 35 - Prob. 6OQCh. 35 - Prob. 7OQCh. 35 - Prob. 8OQCh. 35 - Prob. 9OQCh. 35 - Prob. 10OQCh. 35 - Prob. 11OQCh. 35 - Prob. 12OQCh. 35 - Prob. 13OQCh. 35 - Prob. 14OQCh. 35 - Prob. 15OQCh. 35 - Prob. 1CQCh. 35 - Prob. 2CQCh. 35 - Prob. 3CQCh. 35 - Prob. 4CQCh. 35 - Prob. 5CQCh. 35 - Prob. 6CQCh. 35 - Prob. 7CQCh. 35 - Prob. 8CQCh. 35 - Prob. 9CQCh. 35 - Prob. 10CQCh. 35 - Prob. 11CQCh. 35 - (a) Under what conditions is a mirage formed?...Ch. 35 - Prob. 13CQCh. 35 - Prob. 14CQCh. 35 - Prob. 15CQCh. 35 - Prob. 16CQCh. 35 - Prob. 17CQCh. 35 - Prob. 1PCh. 35 - Prob. 2PCh. 35 - In an experiment to measure the speed of light...Ch. 35 - As a result of his observations, Ole Roemer...Ch. 35 - Prob. 5PCh. 35 - Prob. 6PCh. 35 - Prob. 7PCh. 35 - Prob. 8PCh. 35 - Prob. 9PCh. 35 - Prob. 10PCh. 35 - Prob. 11PCh. 35 - A ray of light strikes a flat block of glass (n =...Ch. 35 - Prob. 13PCh. 35 - Prob. 14PCh. 35 - Prob. 15PCh. 35 - Prob. 16PCh. 35 - Prob. 17PCh. 35 - Prob. 18PCh. 35 - When you look through a window, by what time...Ch. 35 - Two flat, rectangular mirrors, both perpendicular...Ch. 35 - Prob. 21PCh. 35 - Prob. 22PCh. 35 - Prob. 23PCh. 35 - Prob. 24PCh. 35 - Prob. 25PCh. 35 - Prob. 26PCh. 35 - Prob. 27PCh. 35 - Prob. 28PCh. 35 - Prob. 29PCh. 35 - Prob. 30PCh. 35 - Prob. 31PCh. 35 - Prob. 32PCh. 35 - Prob. 33PCh. 35 - A submarine is 300 m horizontally from the shore...Ch. 35 - Prob. 35PCh. 35 - Prob. 36PCh. 35 - Prob. 37PCh. 35 - Prob. 39PCh. 35 - Prob. 40PCh. 35 - Prob. 41PCh. 35 - Prob. 42PCh. 35 - Prob. 43PCh. 35 - Prob. 44PCh. 35 - Assume a transparent rod of diameter d = 2.00 m...Ch. 35 - Consider a light ray traveling between air and a...Ch. 35 - Prob. 47PCh. 35 - Prob. 48PCh. 35 - Prob. 49PCh. 35 - Prob. 50PCh. 35 - Prob. 51APCh. 35 - Prob. 52APCh. 35 - Prob. 53APCh. 35 - Prob. 54APCh. 35 - Prob. 55APCh. 35 - Prob. 56APCh. 35 - Prob. 57APCh. 35 - Prob. 58APCh. 35 - Prob. 59APCh. 35 - A light ray enters the atmosphere of a planet and...Ch. 35 - Prob. 61APCh. 35 - Prob. 62APCh. 35 - Prob. 63APCh. 35 - Prob. 64APCh. 35 - Prob. 65APCh. 35 - Prob. 66APCh. 35 - Prob. 67APCh. 35 - Prob. 68APCh. 35 - Prob. 69APCh. 35 - Prob. 70APCh. 35 - Prob. 71APCh. 35 - Prob. 72APCh. 35 - Prob. 73APCh. 35 - Prob. 74APCh. 35 - Prob. 75APCh. 35 - Prob. 76APCh. 35 - Prob. 77APCh. 35 - Prob. 78APCh. 35 - Prob. 79APCh. 35 - Prob. 80APCh. 35 - Prob. 81CPCh. 35 - Prob. 82CPCh. 35 - Prob. 83CPCh. 35 - Prob. 84CPCh. 35 - Prob. 85CPCh. 35 - Prob. 86CPCh. 35 - Prob. 87CP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A ray of light impinges from air onto a block of ice (n = 1.309) at a 32.0° angle of incidence. Assuming that this angle remains the same, find the difference 2,ice - 2,water in the angles when the ice turns to water (n = 1.333).arrow_forwardThe figure below shows a light ray traveling in a slab of ice surrounded by air. The ray is incident on the right surface at an angle of 55° with the normal and then reflects from points A, B, and C. (a) At which of these points does part of the ray enter the air? \ (b) If the ice slab is surrounded by flint glass, at which point does part of the ray enter the flint glass?arrow_forwardTwo smooth reflecting surfaces (A and B) are perpendicular to each other. Light strikes surface A at a point 12 cm from the point of intersection of surfaces A and B. If the angle of incidence θ1 = 300, how far from the point of intersection of the two surfaces will the reflected light from surface A strike surface B?arrow_forward
- A light ray traveling in air strikes the surface of a slab of glass at an angle of incidence of 50°, Part of the light is reflected and part is refracted.. Find the angle the refracted ray makes with respect to the normal to the airiglass interface. For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac). B IUS Paragraph Arial 10pt * G自Q x X, ४ ४ + ABC 田 日田田国 Í (1} © © O OWORDS POWERED BY TINY Sve All Answers Speand Submit 7 AM Click Save and Submit to save and submit, Click Save All Answers to save all answers. R. W 田 国arrow_forwardFind the angle of incidence at which a light beam traveling from a medium having the index of refraction n1 = 2.7 to another medium having the index of refraction n2 = 1.4 suffers a total internal reflection.arrow_forwardA light ray strikes a plane mirror lying flat on a horizontal floor, making an angle of incidence of θi= 61.8°. After reflecting from the mirror, the ray makes a spot on a vertical wall. The wall is a horizontal distance d= 1.08 m from the point of reflection, as shown. How high from the floor is the spot on the wall? (Neglect the thickness of the mirror.)arrow_forward
- A light ray travelling in medium a is refracted into medium b. The angle of incidence is 28.3° and the angle or refraction is 51.3°. Both angles are measured from the normal to the interface. If one keep increasing the angle of incidence until a critical angle beyond which the total internal reflection occurs, what is the critical angle (in degrees; remember to use the scientific notation of numbers)?arrow_forwardConsider a ray incident on the end of a fiber-optic cable as illustrated in the figure below. In the experiment, you will explore the behavior of the fiber as a function of the angle of incidence a. When a ray strikes the end of the fiber it is bent toward the normal. By Snell's law, the angle inside the core is sin core = (no/n₁) sin a. Once inside the core, the ray travels until it strikes the cladding of the fiber. The angle of incidence at the cladding i is the complementary angle of core. If i is a small angle, the ray will propagate into the cladding and be lost from the fiber. If i is large, however, the ray will be internally reflected and bounce down the fiber. By Snell's law, the critical angle for the ray to be internally reflected is sin icrit = n₂/n₁. In the experiment, you cannot directly measure angles inside the fiber but you can measure a. Using the facts that, (i) for core = cos i, (ii) the trigonometric identity complementary angles, sin cos i = √√1 - sin² i, shown…arrow_forwardConsider a ray incident on the end of a fiber-optic cable as illustrated in the figure below. In the experiment, you will explore the behavior of the fiber as a function of the angle of incidence a. When a ray strikes the end of the fiber it is bent toward the normal. By Snell's law, the angle inside the core is sin core = (no/n₁) sin a. Once inside the core, the ray travels until it strikes the cladding of the fiber. The angle of incidence at the cladding i is the complementary angle of core. If i is a small angle, the ray will propagate into the cladding and be lost from the fiber. If i is large, however, the ray will be internally reflected and bounce down the fiber. By Snell's law, the critical angle for the ray to be internally reflected is sin i crit n₂In₁. In the experiment, you cannot directly measure angles inside the fiber but you can measure a. Using the facts that, (i) for complementary angles, √T sin² i, and (iii) the index of refraction of air is no = 1, it can be shown…arrow_forward
- In the figure, light initially in material 1 refracts into material 2, crosses that material, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3. The indices of refraction are n1 = 1.54, n2 = 1.36, n3 = 1.16. (a) What is angle θ? (b) If θ is increased, is there refraction of light into material 3?arrow_forwardA physicist directs a laser beam through a transparent medium, toward one surface of an equilateral prism. (The beam travels, and remains in, the plane of the page.) Incident on Surface 1 at an angle ₁, the beam then encounters Surface 2 from within the prism. If the angle of incidence at Surface 2 equals, the critical angle for this prism, what is the original incidence angle, 8₁ (in degrees)? The critical angle in this case is = 44.0⁰. 44.0° 44.0° Surface 1 60.0° Surface 2 24.08 x What does the critical angle tell you about the ratio of the indices of refraction in the prism and the surrounding medium? Use geometry to determine the angle of refraction that the light undergoes upon entering the prism from above. Then apply Snell's law to compute ₁. Double check that your calculator is in degree mode.arrow_forwardA ray of light is incident in air on a block of a transparent solid whose index of refraction is n. If n = 1.38, what is the largest angle of incidence θa for which total internal reflection will occur at the vertical facearrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics (14th Edition)PhysicsISBN:9780133969290Author:Hugh D. Young, Roger A. FreedmanPublisher:PEARSON
Introduction To Quantum MechanicsPhysicsISBN:9781107189638Author:Griffiths, David J., Schroeter, Darrell F.Publisher:Cambridge University Press
Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9780321820464Author:Edward E. Prather, Tim P. Slater, Jeff P. Adams, Gina BrissendenPublisher:Addison-Wesley
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Editio...PhysicsISBN:9780134609034Author:Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart FieldPublisher:PEARSON
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics (14th Edition)
Physics
ISBN:9780133969290
Author:Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman
Publisher:PEARSON
Introduction To Quantum Mechanics
Physics
ISBN:9781107189638
Author:Griffiths, David J., Schroeter, Darrell F.
Publisher:Cambridge University Press
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9780321820464
Author:Edward E. Prather, Tim P. Slater, Jeff P. Adams, Gina Brissenden
Publisher:Addison-Wesley
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Editio...
Physics
ISBN:9780134609034
Author:Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher:PEARSON
Laws of Refraction of Light | Don't Memorise; Author: Don't Memorise;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4l2thi5_84o;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY