Brock Biology of Microorganisms Plus Mastering Microbiology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134268668
Author: MADIGAN
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3.6, Problem 1CR
Summary Introduction
An oxidation is a process in which removal of electrons in the substance. Whereas, the reduction is the process in which the addition of electrons in the substance. In
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Which of the following correctly describes the linkages found in ATP?
two anhydrides, a phospho ester and a glycosidic bond
two anhydrides, two phospho esters and a glycosidic bond
three anhydrides, a phospho ester and a glycosidic bond
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in one of the reactions in the electron transport chain, complex I transfer electrons to coenzyme Q. which molecule is reduced and which is oxidized in this reaction?
a. complex I is reduced b/c it loses electrons, and Q is oxidized b/c it gains electrons
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Which of the following statements are true? For each, explain why or why not. (a) All coenzymes are electrontransfer agents. (b) Coenzymes do not contain phosphorus or sulfur. (c) Generating ATP is a way of storing energy.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms Plus Mastering Microbiology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (15th Edition)
Ch. 3.1 - Which four chemical elements make up the bulk of a...Ch. 3.1 - Which two classes of macromolecules contain most...Ch. 3.1 - Differentiate between trace metals and growth...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.2 - Compare and contrast simple transporters, the...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.2 - Cells of Escherichia coli transport lactose via...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.3 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.3 - Prob. 1CR
Ch. 3.4 - What is free energy?Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.4 - Using Table 3.2, calculate G0 for the reaction...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.5 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.7 - How much free energy is released when ATP is...Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.8 - Which reactions in glycolysis are redox steps?Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.8 - How is ATP made in fermentation and in...Ch. 3.9 - How many molecules of CO2, NADH, and FADH2 are...Ch. 3.9 - What two major roles do the citric acid cycle and...Ch. 3.9 - Why is the glyoxylate cycle necessary for growth...Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.10 - Which electron carriers described in this section...Ch. 3.10 - List some of the key electron carriers found in...Ch. 3.11 - How do electron transport reactions generate the...Ch. 3.11 - How much energy is released per NADH oxidized...Ch. 3.11 - What structure in the cell links the proton motive...Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.12 - Prob. 3MQCh. 3.12 - What is the major difference between aerobic...Ch. 3.13 - What form of activated glucose is used in the...Ch. 3.13 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.13 - What functions does the pentose phosphate pathway...Ch. 3.13 - What is the importance of the enzyme...Ch. 3.14 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.14 - List the steps required for the cell to...Ch. 3.14 - Which nitrogen bases are purines and which are...Ch. 3.14 - Prob. 1CRCh. 3.15 - Prob. 1MQCh. 3.15 - Prob. 2MQCh. 3.15 - Describe the process by which a fatty acid such as...Ch. 3 - Using the data of Figure 3.10, predict the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2AQ
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- Oxygen serves as an electron acceptor. Once oxygen accepts electrons, it is reduced to?arrow_forwardA critical reaction in the production of energy to do work or drive chemical reactions in biological systems is the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate, ATP, to adenosine diphosphate, ADP, as described by the reaction ATP(aq)+H2O(l)⟶ADP(aq)+HPO2−4(aq)ATP(aq)+H2O(l)⟶ADP(aq)+HPO42−(aq) for which Δ?∘rxn=−30.5 kJ/molΔGrxn∘=−30.5 kJ/mol at 37.0 °C and pH 7.0. Calculate the value of Δ?rxnΔGrxn in a biological cell in which [ATP]=5.0 mM,[ATP]=5.0 mM, [ADP]=0.10 mM,[ADP]=0.10 mM, and [HPO2−4]=5.0 mM.[HPO42−]=5.0 mM. Δ?rxn=ΔGrxn= kJ/molarrow_forwardFill in the blank: When electron acceptors are not available in anoxic environments, carbon will be catabolized by________________.arrow_forward
- Why do we refer to the conversion of six molecules of carbon dioxide (six carbon atoms) to one molecule of glucose (also six carbon atoms) as a net reaction?arrow_forwardWhich of the following electron carriers are in the reduced form? Note - there may be more than one. A. FAD B. FADH2 C. NAD+ D. NADH E. NADP+arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true for the shown reaction? The reaction can occur in both cytosol and mitochondria Under starved conditions, the reaction becomes reversible to allow the synthesis of ketonebodies The reaction requires FMN as a cofactor Increase in NADH stimulates the reaction None of the abovearrow_forward
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