Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781133939146
Author: Katz, Debora M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 36, Problem 6PQ
To determine
The diffraction limited resolution of the Hubble space telescope.
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A stargazer has an astronomical telescope with an objective whose focal length is 180 cm and an eyepiece whose focal length is 1.20 cm. He wants to increase the angular magnifi cation of a galaxyunder view by replacing the telescope’s eyepiece. Once the eyepiece is replaced, the barrel of the telescope must be adjusted to bring the galaxy back into focus. If the barrel can only be shortened by 0.50 cm from its current length, what is the best angular magnifi cation the stargazer will be able to achieve?
The Hubble Space Telescope has an aperture of 2.4m and focuses visible light (380–750 nm). The Arecibo radio telescope in Puerto Rico is 305m in diameter (it is built in a mountain valley) and focuses radio waves of wavelength 75 cm. (a) Under optimal viewing conditions, what is the diameter of the smallest possible crater that each of these telescopes could resolve on our moon?
What was the major problem with the Hubble Space Telescope when it was first launched unto orbit?
a. It's antenna wouldn't open, so the data could not be sent back to earth
b. It was in the wrong orbit, so it dipped down into the Earth's thicker atmosphere regularly
c. It's spectroscope broke during the launch
d. The mirror's shape was slightly wrong, so all the light did not come to a single focus
Chapter 36 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 36.2 - Prob. 36.1CECh. 36.3 - Prob. 36.2CECh. 36.4 - Prob. 36.3CECh. 36.5 - Prob. 36.4CECh. 36.5 - Prob. 36.5CECh. 36 - Many circular apertures are adjustable, such as...Ch. 36 - Many of the images we regularly look at are...Ch. 36 - The hydrogen line at 1420.4 MHz corresponds to the...Ch. 36 - Prob. 4PQCh. 36 - Estimate the diffraction-limited resolution of the...
Ch. 36 - Prob. 6PQCh. 36 - Prob. 7PQCh. 36 - Prob. 8PQCh. 36 - Prob. 9PQCh. 36 - Prob. 10PQCh. 36 - Prob. 11PQCh. 36 - Prob. 12PQCh. 36 - Prob. 13PQCh. 36 - Prob. 14PQCh. 36 - Prob. 15PQCh. 36 - Prob. 16PQCh. 36 - Prob. 17PQCh. 36 - Prob. 18PQCh. 36 - Prob. 19PQCh. 36 - Prob. 20PQCh. 36 - Prob. 21PQCh. 36 - Prob. 22PQCh. 36 - Prob. 23PQCh. 36 - Prob. 24PQCh. 36 - Light of wavelength 566 nm is incident on a...Ch. 36 - Prob. 26PQCh. 36 - Prob. 27PQCh. 36 - Prob. 28PQCh. 36 - Prob. 29PQCh. 36 - Prob. 30PQCh. 36 - A light source emits a mixture of wavelengths from...Ch. 36 - Prob. 32PQCh. 36 - Prob. 33PQCh. 36 - Prob. 34PQCh. 36 - Prob. 35PQCh. 36 - Prob. 36PQCh. 36 - Prob. 37PQCh. 36 - Prob. 38PQCh. 36 - Prob. 39PQCh. 36 - Prob. 40PQCh. 36 - Prob. 41PQCh. 36 - Prob. 42PQCh. 36 - Prob. 43PQCh. 36 - Prob. 44PQCh. 36 - CASE STUDY Michelsons interferometer played an...Ch. 36 - CASE STUDY Michelsons interferometer played an...Ch. 36 - Prob. 47PQCh. 36 - Prob. 48PQCh. 36 - Problems 49 and 50 are paired. C Optical flats are...Ch. 36 - Optical flats are flat pieces of glass used to...Ch. 36 - Prob. 51PQCh. 36 - Prob. 52PQCh. 36 - Figure P36.53 shows two thin glass plates...Ch. 36 - Viewed from above, a thin film of motor oil with...Ch. 36 - Newtons rings, discovered by Isaac Newton, are an...Ch. 36 - Prob. 56PQCh. 36 - What is the radius of the beam of an argon laser...Ch. 36 - Prob. 58PQCh. 36 - A diffraction grating with 428 rulings per...Ch. 36 - How many rulings must a diffraction grating have...Ch. 36 - Prob. 61PQCh. 36 - White light is incident on a diffraction grating...Ch. 36 - X-rays incident on a crystal with planes of atoms...Ch. 36 - Prob. 64PQCh. 36 - Prob. 65PQCh. 36 - Prob. 66PQCh. 36 - The fringe width b is defined as the distance...Ch. 36 - The fringe width is defined as the distance...Ch. 36 - Prob. 69PQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Why is it advantageous to use a large-diameter objective lens in a telescope? (a) It diffracts the light more effectively than smaller-diameter objective lenses. (b) It increases its magnification. (c) It enables you to see more objects in the field of view. (d) It reflects unwanted wavelengths. (e) It increases its resolution.arrow_forwardHow far apart must two objects be on the moon to be resolvable by the 8.1-m-diameter Gemini North telescope at Mauna Kea, Hawaii, if only the diffraction effects of the telescope aperture limit the resolution? Assume 550 nm for the wavelength of light and 400,000 km for the distance to the moon.arrow_forwardA stargazer has an astronomical telescope with an objectivewhose focal length is 180 cm and an eyepiece whose focal length is1.20 cm. He wants to increase the angular magnification of a galaxyunder view by replacing the telescope’s eyepiece. Once the eyepiece isreplaced, the barrel of the telescope must be adjusted to bring the galaxyback into focus. If the barrel can only be shortened by 0.50 cm from itscurrent length, what is the best angular magnification the stargazer willbe able to achieve?arrow_forward
- A spy satellite uses a telescope with a 2.0-m-diameter mirror. It orbits the earth at a height of 220 km. What minimum spacing must there be between two objects on the earth’s surface if they are to be resolved as distinct objects by this telescope? Assume the telescope’s resolution is limited only by diffraction and that it records 500 nm light.arrow_forwardA certain camera has f-numbers that range from 1.7 to 19. If the focal length of the lens is 56 mm, what is the range of aperture diameters for the camera?Dmin = ?? mmDmax = ?? mmarrow_forwardAstronomers have discovered a planetary system orbiting a star, which is at a distance of 5.1 × 1015 m from the earth. One planet is believed to be located at a distance of 1.6 × 1010 m from the star. Using visible light with a vacuum wavelength of 557 nm, what is the minimum necessary aperture diameter that a telescope must have so that it can resolve the planet and the star?arrow_forward
- The primary mirror of the orbiting telescope has a diameter of 6.7 cm. being in orbit, this telescope avoids the degrading effects of atmospheric distortion on its resolution. Assuming an average light wavelength of 550 nm, what is the angle between two just-resolvable point light sources?arrow_forwardThe telescope of a spy satellite is reputed to be able to resolve objects 9 cm apart from an altitude of 180 km above the surface of Earth. 1) What is the diameter, in meters, of the telescope’s aperture, if its resolution is limited only by diffraction effects? Take 550 nm for the wavelength of light.arrow_forwardHubble Versus Arecibo. The Hubble Space Telescope has an aperture of 2.4 m and focuses visible light (380–750 nm). The Arecibo radio telescope in Puerto Rico is 305 m (1000 ft) in diameter (it is built in a mountain valley) and focuses radio waves of wavelength 75 cm. (a) Under optimal viewing conditions, what is the smallest crater that each of these telescopes could resolve on our moon? (b) If the Hubble Space Telescope were to be converted to surveillance use, what is the highest orbit above the surface of the earth it could have and still be able to resolve the license plate (not the letters, just the plate) of a car on the ground? Assume optimal viewing conditions, so that the resolution is diffraction limited.arrow_forward
- The lens of a giant human eye is about 7.4 cm in diameter. For visible light at 643nm, what is the diffraction limit in arcsec of a giant human eye?arrow_forwardA telescope is used to view two stars that are about 9.36 light-years away and emit light with an average wavelength of 570nm. If the aperture of the telescope has a diameter of 1.8m. what is the minimum separation of the stars so that they can be distinguished as two separate objects?arrow_forwardFlies have compound eyes with thousands of miniature lenses. The overall diameter of the eye is about 1 mm, but each lens is only about 20 μm in diameter and produces an individual image of a small region in the fly’s field of view. Compared to the resolving power of the human eye (in which the light-gathering region is about 16 mm across), the ability of a fly’s eye to resolve small details is (i) worse because the lenses are so small; (ii) worse because the eye as a whole is so small; (iii) better because the lenses are so small; (iv) better because the eye as a whole is so small; (v) about the same.arrow_forward
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