BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS&INVEST. (LL)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781264706983
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Question
Chapter 36.3, Problem 2MC
Summary Introduction
To describe:
In what way the optimal foraging theory explains an animal’s foraging decisions.
Concept introduction:
The optimal foraging theory states that natural selection favors those species whose behavioral strategies maximizes the amount of energy collected per unit time while foraging for food.
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Optimal foraging theory can make predictions about an animal’s food choice. Which of the following is the most accurate statement about optimal diet breadth as resource quality, handling time and distribution changes?
As handling time increases, animals should specialize
As the distance between resources increases, animals should generalize
As the energy content of the resources increases, animals should generalize
As the distance between patches increases, animals should stay longer in a patch
The following diagrams show four distribution patterns of resources. Each circle represents one unit of a resource, say, a food item. For which of these distributions would the Marginal Value Theorem be useful for making predictions about optimal foraging behavior. (Shown in image)
Optimal foraging theory suggest that a predator selects among possible prey based on their relative profitability (energy gained per unit of energy expended). Do you think that predator directly evaluate the profitability of potential prey items before selecting or rejecting them ? If not, how mighta foraging strategy evolve ?
You are studying the diet of American bison. You gather the data in the graph below on the effort
bison invest (gray bars, left hand Y-axis) in obtaining different types of grass (X-axis) and the energy
content in calories of the grasses (white bars, right hand Y-axis). According to these data, which type
of grass would optimal foraging theory predict bison choose?
Handling time
(seconds)
Grama
Broma
30
Fescue
20
10
Bluestem
Fescue
Switchgrass
Bluestem
Grama
Switchgrass
Broma
9
6
3
0
(Calories)
Energy content
Chapter 36 Solutions
BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS&INVEST. (LL)
Ch. 36.1 - What is ethology?Ch. 36.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 36.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 36.2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 36.2 - Prob. 3MCCh. 36.2 - Prob. 4MCCh. 36.2 - Prob. 5MCCh. 36.3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 36.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 36.3 - Prob. 3MC
Ch. 36.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 36.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 36.4 - Prob. 3MCCh. 36.4 - Prob. 4MCCh. 36.4 - Prob. 5MCCh. 36.5 - What are some benefits and costs of group living?Ch. 36.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 36.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 36.5 - Prob. 4MCCh. 36.6 - Prob. 1MCCh. 36.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 36 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 36 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 36 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 36 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 36 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 36 - Prob. 1WIOCh. 36 - Prob. 2WIOCh. 36 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 36 - Prob. 4WIOCh. 36 - Prob. 5WIOCh. 36 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 36 - Prob. 7WIOCh. 36 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 36 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 36 - In the 1930s. the population geneticist J.B.S....Ch. 36 - Prob. 1PITCh. 36 - Prob. 2PIT
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- Interpret the following graphs: In the graphs, the number of days are 18.. 1 day is equal to 60 sec. For the first graph, days are taken on x-axis. The mean foraging times are taken on y-axis.arrow_forwardinterpret the following graph: In the graph, the number of days are 18.. 1 day is equal to 60 sec. days are taken on x-axis. The mean foraging times are taken on y-axis.arrow_forwardInterpret the patterns of following 2 graphs? The time taken on y axis are in seconds and 1 day = 60 secarrow_forward
- If the rate of some process is governed by the abundance of prey individuals, we say that it is prey-dependent. Give some examples of prey-dependent processes.arrow_forwardWhy does central place foraging cause animals that travel farther to bring back larger amounts of food?arrow_forwardWhy is functional response to prey density important in ecological research?arrow_forward
- Much of animal behaviour theory is rooted in optimality, using this theory and thinking about territory size, construct a well-labeled graph below: sketch two lines (one for costs, one for benefits), with an asterisk (or symbol of your choosing) indicate the theoretical optimal territory size and in one sentence, explain why that particular territory size is optimal . Territory Size Costs/benefitsarrow_forwardExplain predator-prey dynamics and clearly state the factors that influence this relationship.arrow_forwardSit and wait vs active foraging cost and benefit Write at least 3 cost and benefit for at leastarrow_forward
- Explain the concept of Foraging for Food ?arrow_forwardAccording to optimal foraging theory.. organisms will have a tendency to select the smallest prey available if they are common, rather than exert more energy in capturing larger prey. predators will always maximize their rate of energy gain when they forage for more than 1 prey type. an organism can gain unlimited resources if it invests more energy into increasing its food intake. a predator will include prey with high handling times in their diet as long as their energy of rate intake increases.arrow_forwardInterpret the following graphs: In the graphs, the number of days are 18.. 1 day is equal to 60 sec. days are taken on x-axis. The mean foraging times are taken on y-axis.arrow_forward
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