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A proton is accelerated from rest by a constant force that always points in the direction of the particle’s motion. Compared to the amount of kinetic energy that the proton gains during the first meter of its travel, how much kinetic energy does the proton gain during one meter of travel while it is moving at 99% of the
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University Physics with Modern Physics, Volume 1 (Chs. 1-20) (14th Edition)
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Physics: Principles with Applications
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- Through what potential difference would an electron initially at rest need to be accelerated to have its total energy be five times its rest energy? ( me = 9.11 × 10 –31 kg, c = 3.00 × 10 8 m/s, and qe = 1.6 × 10 −19 C)arrow_forwardIn this problem, we will try to understand why chemical reactions cannot power the Sun, but nuclear reactions can. The energy scale of chemical reactions is a few eV, where eV is a unit of energy called an electron volt. 1 eV = 1.602 x 10-19 J. A typical chemical reaction involves an energy change of ~0.1 to 10 eV. In contrast, a nuclear reaction typically involves a change in energy of order a few MeV (mega electron volts; a factor of a million larger). Suppose that the Sun has a constant luminosity throughout its life, equal to its current luminosity of L⊙=3.827×1026J/s . Suppose also that the Sun is made entirely of hydrogen (or just protons, since the mass of the electron is about 2000 times smaller and is negligible in comparison). If every pair of two protons in the Sun undergo a one-time chemical reaction that nets ~1 eV of energy, how long would it take (in years) to expend all the available chemical energy?arrow_forwardAt Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York, atomic nuclei are accelerated to 99.995% of the ultimate speed limit of the universe—the speed of light, c. Compared to the kinetic energy of a nucleus moving at 99.000% of c, the kinetic energy of the same nucleus moving at 99.995% of c is about (i) 0.001% greater; (ii) 0.1% greater; (iii) 1% greater; (iv) 2% greater; (v) 16 times greater.arrow_forward
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