Chapter 39, Problem 15A

(a)

To determine

The effect of the ejection of one beta particle on the atomic number of an atom.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

The radioactive decay is the process in which the composition of the nucleus varies due to ejection of radioactive particles.

The atomic number of an atom is same as the number of protons in the nucleus of that atom.

The number of the protons in the nucleus of an atom increases by one unit due to conversion of one neutron to proton. The atomic number of an atom increases by one unit due to ejection of one beta particle in radioactive decay.

Conclusion:

Thus, the atomic number of an atom increases by one unit due to ejection of one beta particle in radioactive decay.

(b)

To determine

The effect of the ejection of one alpha particle on the atomic mass of an atom.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

The radioactive decay is the process in which the composition of the nucleus varies due to ejection of radioactive particles.

The atomic mass of the atom remains same due to ejection of one beta particle in radioactive decay.

Conclusion:

Thus, the atomic mass remains same in ejection of beta particle.