Campbell Essential Biology Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (6th Edition) (Simon et al., The Campbell Essential Biology Series)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780133909708
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 12PS
Interpreting Data A population of bacteria may evolve resistance to a drug over time. Draw a graph that represents such a change. Label the x- axis as “time* and the y- axis as *population size.” Draw a line on the graph that represents how the
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Antibiotics are a form of medicine used to treat bacterial infections. However, new bacteria are evolving that are resistant to antibiotics. When someone uses antibiotics, they often contribute in a small way to an increase in the number of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics. How would an economist classify antibiotic use? Public health officials are concerned with the overuse of antibiotics, which leads to bacteria being resistant to antibiotics. What is a solution to this problem?
Fill in the Blank. Round it to the nearest whole number.
A mutation occurs in a single bacterium that causes it to produce a new enzyme. This enzyme helps the bacterium process nutrients more efficiently, increasing the bacterium's odds of survival.
Every 30 minutes, the bacteria in the colony divide, passing their genes on to their offspring. Some bacteria survive, while others do not. Because resources are limited, the colony has a steady population of 114 bacteria.
The bacterial colony is shown below at three different time intervals.
The picture would be here:
Assume that the survival trend shown in the diagram continues. At 3.0 hours, the mutant bacteria will make up _____ percent of the entire colony.
Use the table to answer the question.
In 1928, Frederick Griffith injected four groups of mice with different strains of the bacteria, Streptococcus pneumoniae. The smooth strain had a polysaccharide capsule that protected the bacteria from the mouse’s immune system. The rough strain did not have this capsule. The details of each group and the results of the experiment are shown in the table below.
Bacteria
After injection with bacteria
Group 1
smooth strain
mice died
Group 2
rough strain
mice survived
Group 3
heat-killed smooth strain
mice survived
Group 4
rough strain mixed with heat-killed smooth strain
mice died
Which conclusion about Group 4 is MOST strongly supported by the results of the experiment?
A.
A virus carried DNA from the smooth strain to the rough strain.
B.
The rough strain took in DNA from the heat-killed smooth strain.
C.
The rough strain developed a genetic mutation during binary fission.
D.
The smooth strain…
Chapter 4 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (6th Edition) (Simon et al., The Campbell Essential Biology Series)
Ch. 4 - You look into a microscope and view an unknown...Ch. 4 - Explain how each word in the term fluid mosaic...Ch. 4 - Identify which of the following structures...Ch. 4 - The ER has two distinct regions that differ in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5SQCh. 4 - Name two similarities in the structure or function...Ch. 4 - Match the following organelles with their...Ch. 4 - DNA controls the cell transmitting genetic...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9SQCh. 4 - Plant seeds store oils as droplets. An oil droplet...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Fill in the blank: Bacteria are believed to have evolved some _______________ years ago.arrow_forwardDo bacteria and archaea have more or less diversity than eukaryotic organisms? Choose the best reason why or why not. Group of answer choices Bacteria and archaea are LESS diverse. One reason is that they cannot become resistant to antibiotics. Bacteria and archaea are MORE diverse. One reason is that they transfer genes asexually through horizontal gene transfer. Bacteria and archaea are MORE diverse. One reason is that they can become resistant to antibiotics. Bacteria and archaea are LESS diverse. One reason is that they transfer genes asexually through horizontal gene transfer.arrow_forwardAcquisition of antibiotic resistance is driven by bacterial exposure to antimicrobial agents (including antibiotics). This is a good example of natural selection; only the most fit (i.e., those with mutations conferring resistance, survive to reproduce and fill the niche with resistance organisms). Discuss two methods to prevent antimicrobial resistance within your community, but NOT a healthcare setting.arrow_forward
- Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. Bacteria are believed to have evolved some _______________ years ago. The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is ___________ in shape and ______________ in arrangement. Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis is ____________ in shape. The asexual reproduction in bacteria is __________________________. Bacteria found in very cold areas are called _________________. Some bacteria can form _________________ to withstand unfavorable conditions in the environment. Bacterial cells move with the use of _________________. These bacteria can live in areas with very minimal concentration of oxygen. The cell wall of bacteria is made-up of the polysaccharide ______________________. Gram negative bacteria have ____________________ cell wall than Gram positoive bacteria. Many gram-negative bacteria belong to group ______________of Phylum Proteobacteria.arrow_forwardThe graph shows the effect of a bactericidal agent on a bacteria. Describe what is happening.arrow_forwardThe media has recently reported that a high number of patients while staying in the hospital, are gettinginfections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Using evolutionary theory, explain how this could occur.arrow_forward
- Scientific Method Story Directions: Read the following story demonstrating the scientific process then answer the questions. Many people in the small Midwestern town of Hootville are stricken with the disease“BUGGO". Many of those who become ill recover within 7-10 days Through intensive study, “BUGGO” is now believed to be caused by a bacterium (single for bacteria) called "Gotcha." In their fight against “BUGGO”, a new drug X , has been shown to kill the GOTCHA bacteria which was grown in a test tube. Drug X was tested on dogs and found to cure those stricken with “BUGGO”. Researchers decided to test the new drug on some of the people in Hootville. They thought that the drug would also kill “GOTCHA” in humans. They decided that if given drug X that the people would recover faster than those who didn’t receive it. The researchers prepared 2 kinds of tablets that were identical in every way except that one group of tablets contained drug X and the other group did not. The…arrow_forwardScientific Method Story Directions: Read the following story demonstrating the scientific process then answer the questions. Many people in the small Midwestern town of Hootville are stricken with the disease“BUGGO". Many of those who become ill recover within 7-10 days Through intensive study, “BUGGO” is now believed to be caused by a bacterium (single for bacteria) called "Gotcha." In their fight against “BUGGO”, a new drug X , has been shown to kill the GOTCHA bacteria which was grown in a test tube. Drug X was tested on dogs and found to cure those stricken with “BUGGO”. Researchers decided to test the new drug on some of the people in Hootville. They thought that the drug would also kill “GOTCHA” in humans. They decided that if given drug X that the people would recover faster than those who didn’t receive it. The researchers prepared 2 kinds of tablets that were identical in every way except that one group of tablets contained drug X and the other group did not. The…arrow_forwardA mutation occurs in a single bacterium that causes it to produce a new enzyme. This enzyme helps the bacterium process nutrients more efficiently, increasing the bacterium's odds of survival. Every 30 minutes, the bacteria in the colony divide, passing their genes on to their offspring. Some bacteria survive, while others do not. Because resources are limited, the colony has a steady population of 114 bacteria. The bacterial colony is shown below at three different time intervals. The picture would be here: Assume that the survival trend shown in the diagram continues. At 3.0 hours, the mutant bacteria will make up _____ percent of the entire colony.arrow_forward
- In one paragraph, using your own words, explain the role that natural selection plays in the growth of antibiotic-resistant strands of bacteria.arrow_forwardWhen you receive a prescription for an antibiotic, your doctor or pharmacist will tell you that it is very important to take the medication for the full time period, even if you start to feel better before the end of the prescription. Explain why/how, if you stop taking the medication early, you could be contributing to the evolution of resistant forms of bacteria.arrow_forwardThe iCHIP allows scientists to: grow bacteria in the natural environment. grow large numbers of a bacterial species and harvest large amounts of antibiotic. grow viruses effectively. grow a single diverse biofilm to later be tested in the lab.arrow_forward
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