Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 20PDQ
In cattle, coats may be solid white, solid black, or black-and- white spotted. When true-breeding solid whites are mated with true-breeding solid blacks, the F1 generation consists of all solid white individuals. After many F1
12/16 solid white
3/16 black-and-white spotted
1/16 solid black
Explain the mode of inheritance governing coat color by determining how many gene pairs are involved and which genotypesyield which
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In cattle, coats may be solid white, solid black, or black-and-whitespotted. When true-breeding solid whites are mated with truebreeding solid blacks, the F1 generation consists of all solid white individuals. After many F1 * F1 matings, the following ratio was observed in the F2 generation:
12/16 solid white3/16 black-and-white spotted1/16 solid black
Explain the mode of inheritance governing coat color by determining how many gene pairs are involved and which genotypes yield which phenotypes. Is it possible to isolate a true-breeding strain of black-and-white spotted cattle? If so, what genotype would they have? If not, explain why not.
In cats, coat color is determined by allelic variation at a single autosomal locus, with black fur dominant to white fur. Two heterozygous black cats are mated. What would be the probability of the following combinations of offspring in a litter of eight kittens? The firstborn kitten with white fur, and among the remaining seven kittens, three with black fur and four with white fur.
In dogs, wire-haired (H) is dominant to smooth-haired (h). In a cross of a homozygous wire-haired with a smooth-haired dog, what will be the phenotype of the F1 generation? What would be the genotype? What would be the ratio the wire-haired dogs in the F1 generation? What are the phenotypic and genotypic ratio?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 4 - CASE STUDY | But he isn't deaf Researching their...Ch. 4 -
CASE STUDY | But he isn’t deaf
Researching...Ch. 4 - CASE STUDY | But he isn't deaf Researching their...Ch. 4 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on...Ch. 4 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on page 53. These...Ch. 4 - In Shorthorn cattle, coat color may be red, white,...Ch. 4 -
4. With regard to the ABO blood types in humans,...Ch. 4 - In foxes, two alleles of a single gene, P and p,...Ch. 4 - Three gene pairs located on separate autosomes...Ch. 4 - As in the plants of Problem 6, color may be red,...
Ch. 4 -
8. The following genotypes of two independently...Ch. 4 - Given the inheritance pattern of coat color in...Ch. 4 - A husband and wife have normal vision, although...Ch. 4 - In humans, the ABO blood type is under the control...Ch. 4 - In goals, development of the beard is due to a...Ch. 4 -
13. In cats, orange coal color is determined by...Ch. 4 - In Drosophila, an X-linked recessive mutation,...Ch. 4 - Another recessive mutation in Drosophila, ebony...Ch. 4 - While vermilion is X-linked in Drosophila and...Ch. 4 - In pigs, coat color may be sandy, red, or white. A...Ch. 4 - A geneticist from an alien planet that prohibits...Ch. 4 - In another cross, the frog geneticist from Problem...Ch. 4 - In cattle, coats may be solid white, solid black,...Ch. 4 - Consider the following three pedigrees, all...Ch. 4 - Labrador retrievers may be black, brown, or golden...Ch. 4 - Three autosomal recessive mutations in Drosophila,...Ch. 4 -
24. Horses can be cremello (a light cream...Ch. 4 - Pigment in the mouse is produced only when the C...Ch. 4 - Five human matings numbered 1–5 are shown in the...Ch. 4 - Two mothers give birth to sons at the same time at...Ch. 4 - In Dexter and Kerry cattle, animals may be polled...Ch. 4 - What genetic criteria distinguish a case of...Ch. 4 -
30. The specification of the anterior-posterior...Ch. 4 - The maternal-effect mutation bicoid(bcd)is...Ch. 4 -
32. Students taking a genetics exam were...Ch. 4 - In four o'clock plants, many flower colors are...Ch. 4 - Prob. 34PDQ
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- In dogs, wire-haired (S) is dominant to smooth-haired (s). In a cross of a homozygous wire-haired with a smooth-haired dog, what will be the phenotype of the F1 generation? What would be the genotype? What would be the ratio the wire-haired dogs in the F1 generation? What are the genotypic ratio and phenotypic ratio?arrow_forwardIn horses, coat color comes in many varieties. If a brown horse is crossed with a white horse, the offspring are palominos (brown and white manes and tails). Name the type of inheritance. If a palomino horse is crossed with a white horse, what will the phenotype ratio of the F1 be?arrow_forwardA type of mouse may have round ears or pointed ears. A female mouse homozygous for pointed ears is crossed with a male mouse homozygous for round ears. All the male offspring have pointed ears and all the female offspring have round ears. When the F1 offspring are crossed with each other, the resulting F2 are produced in the following ratios: Males: 3 pointed : 1 rounded Females: 3 rounded : 1 pointed Explain the inheritance mechanism that produces these results and indicate the dominance relationship.arrow_forward
- In oats, the color of the chaff is determined by a two-gene interaction. When a true-breeding black chaff plant was crossed to a truebreeding white chaff plant, the F1 generation was composed of allblack chaff plants. When the F1 offspring were crossed to eachother, the ratio produced was 12 black to 3 gray to 1 white. First,construct a Punnett square that accounts for this pattern of inheritance. Which genotypes produce the gray chaff phenotype? Second,at the level of protein function, how would you explain this type ofinheritance?arrow_forwardA cross between two plants that both have yellowflowers produces 80 offspring plants, of which 38have yellow flowers, 22 have red flowers, and 20have white flowers. If one assumes that this variation in color is due to inheritance at a single locus,what is the genotype associated with each flowercolor, and how can you describe the inheritance offlower color?arrow_forwardIn pea plants, smooth peas is dominant to wrinkled peas. When Mendel crossed true breeding smooth peas with true breeding wrinkled peas, what is the genotype of the offspring and what percentage?arrow_forward
- In cattle, coat color is inherited in a co-dominant fashion. Homozygous C R C R produces red coat,homozygous C W C W produces white coat, and the heterozygous C R C W produces roan-colored coat.What is the probability of having a roan-coated offspring in a cross between a white-coated cattle anda roan-coated cattle?arrow_forwardAmong dogs, short hair is dominant to long hair and dark coat color is dominant to white (albino) coat color. Assume that these two coat traits are caused by independently segregating gene pairs. For each of the crosses given below, write the most probable genotype (or genotypes if more than one answer is possible) for the parents. It is important that you select a realistic symbol set and define each symbol below. Assume that for cross (d), you were interested in determining whether fur color follows a 3:1 ratio. Set up (but do not complete the calculations) a Chi-square test for these data [fur color in cross (d)].arrow_forwardGregor Mendel discovered the basis of heredity with his sweet pea plant experiments. In his studies, he determined that certain traits, such as pod color and pea shape, express complete dominance. A cross occurs between a plant with heterozygous yellow pods and wrinkled peas and a plant with green pods and heterozygous round peas. What is the probability that the offspring will exhibit recessive genes for both traits? A - 1/2B - 1/4C - 1/8D - 1/16arrow_forward
- In chickens, the Leghorn variety has white feathers due to an autosomal dominant allele. Silkies have white feathers due to a recessive allele in a second (different) gene. If a true-breeding whiteLeghorn is crossed to a true-breeding white Silkie, what is theexpected phenotype of the F1 generation? If members of the F1generation are mated to each other, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation? Assume the chickens in the parental generation are homozygous for the white allele at one gene andhomozygous for the brown allele at the other gene. In subsequentgenerations, nonwhite birds will be brown.arrow_forwardConsider a situation where you have a parental cross with the mother and father phenotypes listed below The counts of the F1 offspring are listed in Table 1. Two randomly selected individuals are selected and mated to produce a set of F2 individuals. If you test the F2 counts to determine whether they are consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, what is your decision? Use a 0.05 significance level. PARENTAL CROSS Parental cross: Mother with disease phenotype, Father with wild-type phenotype. Table 1. F1 DATA Gender Phenotype Disease Wild-Type Male 0 23 Female 0 34 Table 2. F2 DATA Gender Phenotype Disease Wild-Type Male 7 25 Female 0 25 a) Do not reject the null hypothesis that the F2 data are consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance; chi-square goodness of fit test p-value is greater than 0.05. b) Do not reject the null hypothesis that the F2 data are consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of…arrow_forwardAccording to Mendel’s second law, in the crossing between homozygous individuals concerning two pairs of nonlinked alleles, AABB x aaBB, what are the genotypical and phenotypical proportions in F1 and F2?arrow_forward
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