Connect Access Card for The Physical Universe
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781259663888
Author: Konrad B Krauskopf; Arthur Beiser
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 31MC
In the relatively near future, the technology most able to replace fossil fuels on a large scale is
- a. nuclear
- b. wind
- c. solar
- d. biofuels
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Students have asked these similar questions
32.) In the United States most of the fuel used comes from a classification called fossil fuels. What does fossil fuel refer to?
a. fuel that formed from ancient plant and animal life, representations of which are sometimes found as fossil imprints
b. a technique known as fossilization that must be used in order to obtain energy from these fuels embedded fossil remains in the fuel itself
Choose the BEST answer to the following.
Most of the radiation in Earth’s biosphere is
(a) natural background radiation.
(b) the result of military activities.
(c) from nuclear power plants.
(d) in the form of cosmic rays.
When we use petrol we are ultimately using stored energy from the sun. Plants capture the energy when growing, and then through a long process of decay and compression this plant matter is converted into a fossil fuel.
An interesting question is how much sunlight is needed to produce a quantity of petrol. To estimate this, let's assume the petrol has come from wood, and let's assume we have a fast-growing wood source such as Pinus radiata. Assume also:
a mature tree contains around 3 m3 of timber;
a tree is harvested when 35 years old;
the density of wood is around 500 kg/m3;
2 kg of wood makes 1L of petrol;
a tree receives on average 8 hours of sunlight per day.
How many "hours of sunlight" are stored in 1L of petrol? i.e. how many hours of sunlight does a tree need to be exposed to, to produce the amount of wood needed to make 1 L of petrol? Give your answer to two significant figures.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Connect Access Card for The Physical Universe
Ch. 4 - In 2100 the number of people in the world is...Ch. 4 - Arrange these sources in the order of the energy...Ch. 4 - Of the following, the energy source likely to be...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4MCCh. 4 - Prob. 5MCCh. 4 - Prob. 6MCCh. 4 - Energy not ultimately derived from solar radiation...Ch. 4 - If present trends continue, an optimistic average...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9MCCh. 4 - Prob. 10MC
Ch. 4 - The radiation from an object at room temperature...Ch. 4 - The earths atmosphere is primarily heated by a....Ch. 4 - Prob. 13MCCh. 4 - Prob. 14MCCh. 4 - Prob. 15MCCh. 4 - Of the following fuels, the one that gives off the...Ch. 4 - Of the following fuels, the one that gives off the...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is not a fossil fuel? a....Ch. 4 - Prob. 19MCCh. 4 - The proportion of oil used by the United States...Ch. 4 - Most oil today is used for a. transportation b....Ch. 4 - Prob. 22MCCh. 4 - Prob. 23MCCh. 4 - The least polluting of the following fuels is a....Ch. 4 - Prob. 25MCCh. 4 - Prob. 26MCCh. 4 - The worst emitters of mercury, which damages the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 28MCCh. 4 - Of the following countries, the one that obtains...Ch. 4 - The proportion of electricity generated in the...Ch. 4 - In the relatively near future, the technology most...Ch. 4 - Prob. 32MCCh. 4 - Bright sunlight might deliver energy to an area of...Ch. 4 - The output of which of the following renewable...Ch. 4 - Prob. 35MCCh. 4 - Of the following technologies, the one that may...Ch. 4 - Of the following technologies, the one farthest...Ch. 4 - Biofuels based on which of the following seem to...Ch. 4 - Of the following, the strategy for coping with...Ch. 4 - Prob. 40MCCh. 4 - Population and Prosperity 1. What are the three...Ch. 4 - Energy Supply and Consumption 2. Even if the...Ch. 4 - The average rate of energy consumption per person...Ch. 4 - List the fossil fuels in the order in which they...Ch. 4 - Explain how sunlight is responsible for these...Ch. 4 - What energy sources cannot be traced to sunlight...Ch. 4 - Approximately what proportion of the worlds...Ch. 4 - (a) Give two reasons why global warming is causing...Ch. 4 - Once the polar ice sheets have melted beyond a...Ch. 4 - The oceans as well as the atmosphere are growing...Ch. 4 - When was the last time world temperatures were as...Ch. 4 - Every body of matter radiates light. What is...Ch. 4 - What is the nature of the greenhouse effect in the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 14ECh. 4 - Prob. 15ECh. 4 - (a) Why is deforestation so important in global...Ch. 4 - Prob. 17ECh. 4 - Prob. 18ECh. 4 - Most of the worlds oil is used as a fuel for what...Ch. 4 - Prob. 20ECh. 4 - Prob. 21ECh. 4 - What is the chief reason why the average fuel...Ch. 4 - Prob. 23ECh. 4 - Why is natural gas rarely used as a vehicle fuel?Ch. 4 - What is methane hydrate? Where is it found and why...Ch. 4 - Prob. 26ECh. 4 - Prob. 27ECh. 4 - Prob. 28ECh. 4 - Prob. 29ECh. 4 - Prob. 30ECh. 4 - What is the basic difference between nuclear...Ch. 4 - What role does uranium play in nuclear energy...Ch. 4 - How does a nuclear power plant produce...Ch. 4 - Explain why no nuclear power plants were planned...Ch. 4 - Prob. 35ECh. 4 - Prob. 36ECh. 4 - Prob. 37ECh. 4 - Prob. 38ECh. 4 - Prob. 39ECh. 4 - Give several reasons why fossil-fuel energy is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 41ECh. 4 - Prob. 42ECh. 4 - Prob. 43ECh. 4 - Prob. 44ECh. 4 - (a) What major advantage does geothermal energy...Ch. 4 - Prob. 46ECh. 4 - Prob. 47ECh. 4 - What are the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 49ECh. 4 - Prob. 50ECh. 4 - Prob. 51ECh. 4 - A major obstacle to a worldwide agreement on...Ch. 4 - Explain the cap-and-trade system for controlling...
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- Explain the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.arrow_forwardSome people think nuclear energy is good and should be used widely for energy production. Other people think it should not be used at all. Do some research on nuclear energy to determine its positive and negative impacts on society and the environment. Your opinion piece should have the following: An opening sentence stating the issue. A description of the various stakeholders on this issue. One paragraph on the positive impacts on society and the environment and which stakeholders are for it. One paragraph on the negative impacts on society and the environment and which stakeholders are against it. One paragraph on your position on this issue, with a description of your reasoning. A closing sentence that sums up your argument.arrow_forwardIf fossil fuels,such as coal,are still forming today,why are they considered nonrenewable resources? A. We are depleting fossil fuels much faster than they form B. Fossil fuels are broken down by processes faster than they form C. The fossil fuels being formed today are deep under the ocean, where they cannot be reached D. The only fossil fuels being produced are from methane, which we do not have the technology to use yet.arrow_forward
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