Chapter 4, Problem 4.103QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be classified as redox reaction, acid–base, precipitation reaction and combination reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction:

• The oxidation number of a molecule is varied by involving in a reaction is known redox reaction.  The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involved in the reaction is called redox reaction.

Acid -Base reaction:

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

Precipitation reaction:

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions are mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

Combination reaction:

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 4.103QP

The given reaction is a redox reaction

Explanation of Solution

• The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involved in the reaction is called redox reaction.

  ${\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+2OH}}^{\text{-}}\to {\text{Cl}}^{\text{-}}{\text{+ClO}}^{\text{-}}{\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

• The chlorine gains one electron to produce the ${\text{Cl}}^{\text{-}}$ ion and ${\text{OH}}^{-}$ loses electron.  Hence, it is a redox reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be classified as redox reaction, acid –base, precipitation reaction and combination reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction:

• The oxidation number of a molecule is varied by involving in a reaction is known redox reaction.  The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

Acid -Base reaction:

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

Precipitation reaction:

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions are mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

Combination reaction:

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 4.103QP

The given reaction is precipitation reaction

Explanation of Solution

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

  ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}{\text{+CO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{\text{2-}}\to {\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\downarrow$

• The solutions of ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}$ and ${\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{\text{2-}}$ are mixed together to form a ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}$ precipitate.  So it is a precipitation reaction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be classified as redox reaction, acid –base, precipitation reaction and combination reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction:

• The oxidation number of a molecule is varied by involving in a reaction is known redox reaction.  The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

Acid -Base reaction:

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

Precipitation reaction:

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions are mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

Combination reaction:

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 4.103QP

The given reaction is acid­base reaction

Explanation of Solution

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

  ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{+H}}^{\text{+}}\to {\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{+}}$

• The acid is reacting with Ammonia base to give an Ammonium salt.  So, it is an acid-base reaction.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be classified as redox reaction, acid –base, precipitation reaction and combination reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction:

• The oxidation number of a molecule is varied by involving in a reaction is known redox reaction.  The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

Acid -Base reaction:

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

Precipitation reaction:

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions are mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

Combination reaction:

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 4.103QP

The given reaction is a combination reaction

Explanation of Solution

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

  ${\text{2CCl}}_{\text{4}}{\text{+CrO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{2-}}\to {\text{2COCl}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+CrO}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+2Cl}}^{\text{-}}$

• In the above given reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants so it is a combination reaction.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be classified as redox reaction, acid –base, precipitation reaction and combination reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction:

• The oxidation number of a molecule is varied by involving in a reaction is known redox reaction.  The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

Acid -Base reaction:

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

Precipitation reaction:

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions are mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

Combination reaction:

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 4.103QP

The given reaction is a redox reaction

Explanation of Solution

• The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

  ${\text{Ca+F}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{CaF}}_{\text{2}}$

• The Fluorine is gained one electron to produce the ${\text{F}}^{\text{-}}$ ion and Calcium loosed two electrons to produce ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion.  So it is a redox reaction.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be classified as redox reaction, acid –base, precipitation reaction and combination reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction:

• The oxidation number of a molecule is varied by involving in a reaction is known redox reaction.  The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

Acid -Base reaction:

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

Precipitation reaction:

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions are mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

Combination reaction:

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 4.103QP

The given reaction is a redox reaction.

Explanation of Solution

• The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

  ${\text{2Li+H}}_{\text{2}}\to \text{2LiH}$

• The Hydrogen is gained a one electron to produce the ${\text{H}}^{\text{-}}$ ion and Lithium loosed one electron to produce ${\text{Li}}^{\text{+}}$ ion.  So it is a redox reaction.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be classified as redox reaction, acid –base, precipitation reaction and combination reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction:

• The oxidation number of a molecule is varied by involving in a reaction is known redox reaction.  The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

Acid -Base reaction:

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

Precipitation reaction:

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions are mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

Combination reaction:

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 4.103QP

The given reaction is a precipitation reaction.

Explanation of Solution

• The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

  ${\text{Ba(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{+Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}\to {\text{BaSO}}_{\text{4(s)}}\downarrow {\text{+2Na(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{(aq)}}$

• The reaction between ${\text{Ba(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}\text{and}{\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$ is produce the ${\text{BaSO}}_{\text{4}}$ precipitate so it is a precipitation reaction.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be classified as redox reaction, acid –base, precipitation reaction and combination reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction:

• The oxidation number of a molecule is varied by involving in a reaction is known redox reaction.  The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

Acid -Base reaction:

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

Precipitation reaction:

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions are mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

Combination reaction:

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 4.103QP

The given reaction is redox reaction

Explanation of Solution

• The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

  ${\text{CuO+H}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{Cu+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

• The copper is gained a two electron to produce the $\text{Cu}$ metal.  So it is a redox reaction.

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be classified as redox reaction, acid –base, precipitation reaction and combination reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction:

• The oxidation number of a molecule is varied by involving in a reaction is known redox reaction.  The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

Acid -Base reaction:

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

Precipitation reaction:

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions are mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

Combination reaction:

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 4.103QP

The given reaction is redox reaction.

Explanation of Solution

• The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

  $\text{Zn+2HCl}\to {\text{ZnCl}}_{\text{2}}+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$

• The Zinc metal is loosed a two electron to produce the ${\text{ZnCl}}_{\text{2}}$ salt.  So, it is a redox reaction.

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be classified as redox reaction, acid –base, precipitation reaction and combination reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction:

• The oxidation number of a molecule is varied by involving in a reaction is known redox reaction.  The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

Acid -Base reaction:

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

Precipitation reaction:

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions are mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

Combination reaction:

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 4.103QP

The given reaction is redox reaction

Explanation of Solution

• The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

  ${\text{2FeCl}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+Cl}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{2FeCl}}_{\text{3}}$

• The iron ${\text{Fe}}^{\text{2}}{}^{\text{+ }}$ is loosed a one electron to produce the ${\text{FeCl}}_{\text{3}}$..So, it is a redox reaction.

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reaction should be classified as redox reaction, acid –base, precipitation reaction and combination reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction:

• The oxidation number of a molecule is varied by involving in a reaction is known redox reaction.  The oxidation and reduction of chemical compounds takes place while they are involving in the reaction is called redox reaction.

Acid -Base reaction:

• The reaction between acid and base to produce a salt is called acid-base reaction.

Precipitation reaction:

• If precipitate is formed, when the two solutions are mixed together is called precipitation reaction.

Combination reaction:

• In the reaction, there is no change in oxidation numbers of atoms present in the reactants and products is and only the product is offered by the combination of reactants is called combination reaction.

Answer to Problem 4.103QP

The given reaction is acid-base reaction.

Explanation of Solution

• The oxidation numbers of lithium, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen does not change.

  $\text{LiOH}\text{+}{\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}\to {\text{LiNO}}_{\text{3}}+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

• This reaction is acid base reaction the base $\text{LiOH}$ and the acid is ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}$