Elements Of Physical Chemistry
Elements Of Physical Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780198727873
Author: ATKINS, P. W. (peter William), De Paula, Julio
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 4, Problem 4.10DQ
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The thermodynamic criterion for solution-vapour equailibrium has to be stated and justified.

Concept introduction:

Chemical potential:

The chemical potential tell us how the Gibbs Free energy will vary with the number of moles ni of component i holding temperature, pressure, and the number of moles of all other components constant. For a pure substance, the chemical potential is equal to its molar Gibbs Free energy.

μi=(Gni)T,P,ni,jwhere,μiChemicalpotentialGGibbsfreeenergyTTemperaturePPressure

If the partial pressure of a perfect gas in a mixture changes from PJ,itoPJ,f, then the change in its chemical potential can be calculated using the following equation as shown below,

ΔμJ=RTlnPJ,fPJ,i

Gibb’s energy is an important factor which greatly affect the thermodynamic stability of a molecule or compound.

For example:  when state A is said to be more thermodynamically stable than state B of a chemical system, if the Gibbs energy of the change from A to B is positive.

The stable state of the chemical system is taken as its reference state.

The substance with lower molar Gibbs energy is more stable.

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Chapter 4 Solutions

Elements Of Physical Chemistry

Ch. 4 - Prob. 4D.1STCh. 4 - Prob. 4D.2STCh. 4 - Prob. 4D.3STCh. 4 - Prob. 4D.4STCh. 4 - Prob. 4E.1STCh. 4 - Prob. 4E.2STCh. 4 - Prob. 4F.1STCh. 4 - Prob. 4A.1ECh. 4 - Prob. 4A.2ECh. 4 - Prob. 4A.3ECh. 4 - Prob. 4A.4ECh. 4 - Prob. 4A.5ECh. 4 - Prob. 4A.6ECh. 4 - Prob. 4B.1ECh. 4 - Prob. 4B.2ECh. 4 - Prob. 4B.3ECh. 4 - Prob. 4B.4ECh. 4 - Prob. 4B.5ECh. 4 - Prob. 4B.6ECh. 4 - Prob. 4B.7ECh. 4 - Prob. 4B.8ECh. 4 - Prob. 4C.1ECh. 4 - Prob. 4C.2ECh. 4 - Prob. 4C.3ECh. 4 - Prob. 4C.4ECh. 4 - Prob. 4C.5ECh. 4 - Prob. 4C.6ECh. 4 - Prob. 4C.7ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.1ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.2ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.3ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.4ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.5ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.6ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.7ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.8ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.9ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.10ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.11ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.12ECh. 4 - Prob. 4D.13ECh. 4 - Prob. 4E.1ECh. 4 - Prob. 4E.2ECh. 4 - Prob. 4E.3ECh. 4 - Prob. 4E.4ECh. 4 - Prob. 4F.1ECh. 4 - Prob. 4F.2ECh. 4 - Prob. 4F.3ECh. 4 - Prob. 4.1DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.2DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.3DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.4DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.5DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.6DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.8DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.9DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.10DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.11DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.12DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.13DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.14DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.15DQCh. 4 - Prob. 4.1PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.2PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.3PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.4PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.5PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.6PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.7PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.8PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.9PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.10PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.11PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.12PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.13PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.14PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.15PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.16PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.17PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.18PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.19PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.20PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.21PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.22PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.23PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.24PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.25PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.26PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.27PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.28PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.29PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.30PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.1PRCh. 4 - Prob. 4.2PRCh. 4 - Prob. 4.3PRCh. 4 - Prob. 4.4PRCh. 4 - Prob. 4.5PRCh. 4 - Prob. 4.6PR
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Solutions: Crash Course Chemistry #27; Author: Crash Course;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9h2f1Bjr0p4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY