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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Identification of the element “X” and write its chemical symbol which forms ion
Concept Introduction:
Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:
- Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.
- Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.
- Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.
The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.
Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.
Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.
(b)
Interpretation:
Identification of the element “X” and write its chemical symbol which forms
Concept Introduction:
Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:
- Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.
- Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.
- Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.
The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.
Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.
Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.
(c)
Interpretation:
Identification of the element “X” and write its chemical symbol which forms
Concept Introduction:
Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:
- Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.
- Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.
- Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.
The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.
Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.
Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.
(d)
Interpretation:
Identification of the element “X” and write its chemical symbol which forms
Concept Introduction:
Atoms are composed of three types of particles called subatomic particles. They are as follows:
- Protons: Positively charged particles in an atom.
- Neutrons: Neutral charged particles in an atom.
- Electrons: Negatively charged particles in an atom.
The neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Gaining or loosing of electrons of an atom forms ion.
Negative charged ions are formed by the gaining of one or more electrons and it has more electrons than protons.
Positive charged ions are formed by losing one or more electrons and it has more protons than electrons.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Chlorine is an element with the symbol Cl. Draw and label atomic structure of chlorine indicating the number and locations of protons, neutrons and electrons in one atom of chlorine.arrow_forwardArrange the elements Na, Si, and S in the order of(a) decreasing atomic radius.(h)increasing first ionization energy.arrow_forwardApply the formula for the differences in electronegativities, for the following molecules, and define whether they are polar covalent, nonpolar covalent or ionic. Taking into account that: Non-polar covalent: greater than or equal to 0 but less than 0.7 Polar covalent: greater than or equal to 0.7 but less than 1.7 ionic: greater than 1.7 A)NO B)KCI C)F2 C)AsOarrow_forward
- Rank the following chemical bonds in order of increasing polarity.a. nonpolar covalent b. ionic c. polar covalentarrow_forwardBased on the following word description write a formula for each of the indicated substance: a compound who's molecules contain twice as many oxygen atoms as carbon atomsarrow_forwardConsider these compounds: A. PbBr, B. MnS C. Ag,CO3 D. AIPO, Complete the following statements by entering the letter(s) corresponding to the correct compound(s). (If more than one compound fits the description, include all the relevant compounds by writing your answer as a string of characters without punctuation, e.g, ABC.) Without doing any calculations it is possible to determine that magnesium fluoride is more soluble than and magnesium fluoride is less soluble than| It is not possible to determine whether magnesium fluoride is more or less soluble than by simply comparing Kgp values.arrow_forward
- Define the following terms: a. hydronium ion b. acid c. base d. Ka e. pKaarrow_forwardLook up the valence electron configuration, covalent atomic radius, effective nuclear charge, first ionization energy and Pauling electronegativity in Chapter 8 (tables are attached). Examine the above data and answer the following questions. a) Explain why some of the elements like TI and Pb on the lower left of the p block are metallic. b) Explain why some of the elements like C, Si in the center of the p block form covalent bonds. Explain why these bonds formed by the network of these elements (as studied in Chapter 25) tend to be unreactive. c) Explain why the noble Group 8A elements are highly unreactive gases. d) Explain why some elements like F, CI, Br etc, on the upper right of the p block are highly reactive nonmetals.arrow_forwarda) Identify the following as element (atomic or molecular), compound or mixture. b) Explain your reasoning and draw a sample of these substances containing 5 particles of that particular material. c) What would be the mass of 5 particles of that particular material? Show your work! H20 N2 C2HSOH Iodine gasarrow_forward
- What structure is labeled B? B A 台 G H Farrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. hydrocarbon b. hydrophilic c. hydrophobic d. functional group e. R grouparrow_forwardUsing collision theory, indicate which of the following statements regarding physical nature of the reactants is true: a) physical nature of reactants The physical nature of reactants does not influence the rate of reaction because reactions happen only on the molecular level. Solids, liquids or gases all influence the rate of reaction the same because they are all in the physical state. Solid state reactants react faster if the particle sizes are larger because reactions occur at the boundary surface with direct contact. Gaseous-state reactions are faster than liquid-state or solid-state reactions because collisions between reactants are more frequent.arrow_forward
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