The Essentials of Statistics: A Tool for Social Research
The Essentials of Statistics: A Tool for Social Research
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305802698
Author: Joseph F. Healey
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 4, Problem 4.5P

S O C In problem 3.6, you computed mean and median income for the 13 Canadian provinces and territories and for 13 U.S. states in two separate years. Now compute the standard deviation and range for each year, and, taking account of the two measures of central tendency and the two measures of dispersion, write a paragraph summarizing the distributions. What do the measures of dispersion add to what you already knew about central tendency? Did the median income of the provinces and states become more or less variable over the period? The scores are reproduced here.

Median Income for Canadian Provinces and Territories, 2000 and 2011 (Canadian dollars)

Province or Territory 2000 2011
Newfoundland and Labrador 38,800 67,200
Prince Edward Island 44,200 66,500
Nova Scotia 44,500 66,300
New Brunswick 43,200 63,930
Quebec 47,700 68,170
Ontario 55,700 73,290
Manitoba 47,300 68,710
Saskatchewan 45,800 77,300
Alberta 55,200 89,930
British Columbia 49,100 69,150
Yukon Columbia 56,000 90,090
Northwest Territories 61,000 105,560
Nunavut 37,600 65,280
Mean =
Median =
Range =
Standard Deviation =

Median Income for Thirteen States, 1999 and 2012 (U.S dollars)

State 1999 2012
Alabama 36,213 43,464
Alaska 51,509 63,348
Arkansas 29,762 39,018
California 43,744 57,020
Connecticut 50,798 64,247
Illinois 46,392 51,738
Kansas 37,476 50,003
Maryland 52,310 71,836
Michigan 46,238 50,015
New York 40,058 47,680
Ohio 39,617 44,375
South Dakota 35,962 49,415
Texas 38,978 51,926
Mean =
Median =
Range =
Standard Deviation =

3.6 S O C The following tables list the median family incomes for the 13 Canadian provinces and territories in 2000 and 2011 and for 13 states of the United States in 1999 and 2012. For the provinces and the states, compute the mean and median family income for each year and compare the two measures of central tendency. Which measure of central tendency is greater for each year? Are the distributions skewed? In which direction?

Median Income for Canadian Provinces and Territories, 2000 and 2011 (Canadian dollars)

Province or Territory 2000 2011
Newfoundland and Labrador 38,800 67,200
Prince Edward Island 44,200 66,500
Nova Scotia 44,500 66,300
New Brunswick 43,200 63,930
Quebec 47,700 68,170
Ontario 55,700 73,290
Manitoba 47,300 68,710
Saskatchewan 45,800 77,300
Alberta 55,200 89,930
British Columbia 49,100 69,150
Yukon Columbia 56,000 90,090
Northwest Territories 61,000 105,560
Nunavut 37,600 65,280
Mean =
Median =

Median Income for Thirteen States, 1999 and 2012 (U.S dollars)

State 1999 2012
Alabama 36,213 43,464
Alaska 51,509 63,348
Arkansas 29,762 39,018
California 43,744 57,020
Connecticut 50,798 64,247
Illinois 46,392 51,738
Kansas 37,476 50,003
Maryland 52,310 71,836
Michigan 46,238 50,015
New York 40,058 47,680
Ohio 39,617 44,375
South Dakota 35,962 49,415
Texas 38,978 51,926
Mean =
Median =
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