Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: Ground-state electronic configuration of the given set of ions has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
- Electronic configuration is the arrangement of the electrons of atoms in the orbital. For atoms and ions, the electronic configuration is written by using Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund’s rule.
- According to Pauli Exclusion Principle, no two electrons having the same spin can occupy the same orbital.
- According to Hund’s rule, the orbital in the subshell is filled singly by one electron before the same orbital is doubly filled. When the orbital is singly filled, all the electrons have same spin. In a doubly filled orbital, there are two electrons with opposite spin.
- Half-filled orbitals are comparatively stable as completely filled orbitals. Therefore, if there is a possibility of forming half-filled orbital then the electrons will be moved to the respective orbitals giving rise to more stability.
- When ions are formed from the atoms the electrons are added or removed from the outermost orbital.
To write: Ground-state electronic configuration for the given ions,
(a)
Answer to Problem 4.68QP
Answer
The ground-state electronic configuration of (a) is
Explanation of Solution
Explanation
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
(b)
Interpretation: Ground-state electronic configuration of the given set of ions has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
- Electronic configuration is the arrangement of the electrons of atoms in the orbital. For atoms and ions, the electronic configuration is written by using Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund’s rule.
- According to Pauli Exclusion Principle, no two electrons having the same spin can occupy the same orbital.
- According to Hund’s rule, the orbital in the subshell is filled singly by one electron before the same orbital is doubly filled. When the orbital is singly filled, all the electrons have same spin. In a doubly filled orbital, there are two electrons with opposite spin.
- Half-filled orbitals are comparatively stable as completely filled orbitals. Therefore, if there is a possibility of forming half-filled orbital then the electrons will be moved to the respective orbitals giving rise to more stability.
- When ions are formed from the atoms the electrons are added or removed from the outermost orbital.
To write: Ground-state electronic configuration for the given ions,
(b)
Answer to Problem 4.68QP
Answer
The ground-state electronic configuration of (b) is
Explanation of Solution
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
(c)
Interpretation: Ground-state electronic configuration of the given set of ions has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
- Electronic configuration is the arrangement of the electrons of atoms in the orbital. For atoms and ions, the electronic configuration is written by using Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund’s rule.
- According to Pauli Exclusion Principle, no two electrons having the same spin can occupy the same orbital.
- According to Hund’s rule, the orbital in the subshell is filled singly by one electron before the same orbital is doubly filled. When the orbital is singly filled, all the electrons have same spin. In a doubly filled orbital, there are two electrons with opposite spin.
- Half-filled orbitals are comparatively stable as completely filled orbitals. Therefore, if there is a possibility of forming half-filled orbital then the electrons will be moved to the respective orbitals giving rise to more stability.
- When ions are formed from the atoms the electrons are added or removed from the outermost orbital.
To write: Ground-state electronic configuration for the given ions,
(c)
Answer to Problem 4.68QP
Answer
The ground-state electronic configuration of (c) is
Explanation of Solution
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
(d)
Interpretation: Ground-state electronic configuration of the given set of ions has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
- Electronic configuration is the arrangement of the electrons of atoms in the orbital. For atoms and ions, the electronic configuration is written by using Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund’s rule.
- According to Pauli Exclusion Principle, no two electrons having the same spin can occupy the same orbital.
- According to Hund’s rule, the orbital in the subshell is filled singly by one electron before the same orbital is doubly filled. When the orbital is singly filled, all the electrons have same spin. In a doubly filled orbital, there are two electrons with opposite spin.
- Half-filled orbitals are comparatively stable as completely filled orbitals. Therefore, if there is a possibility of forming half-filled orbital then the electrons will be moved to the respective orbitals giving rise to more stability.
- When ions are formed from the atoms the electrons are added or removed from the outermost orbital.
To write: Ground-state electronic configuration for the given ions,
(d)
Answer to Problem 4.68QP
Answer
The ground-state electronic configuration of (d) is
Explanation of Solution
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
(e)
Interpretation: Ground-state electronic configuration of the given set of ions has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
- Electronic configuration is the arrangement of the electrons of atoms in the orbital. For atoms and ions, the electronic configuration is written by using Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund’s rule.
- According to Pauli Exclusion Principle, no two electrons having the same spin can occupy the same orbital.
- According to Hund’s rule, the orbital in the subshell is filled singly by one electron before the same orbital is doubly filled. When the orbital is singly filled, all the electrons have same spin. In a doubly filled orbital, there are two electrons with opposite spin.
- Half-filled orbitals are comparatively stable as completely filled orbitals. Therefore, if there is a possibility of forming half-filled orbital then the electrons will be moved to the respective orbitals giving rise to more stability.
- When ions are formed from the atoms the electrons are added or removed from the outermost orbital.
To write: Ground-state electronic configuration for the given ions,
(e)
Answer to Problem 4.68QP
Answer
The ground-state electronic configuration of (e) is
Explanation of Solution
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
(f)
Interpretation: Ground-state electronic configuration of the given set of ions has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
- Electronic configuration is the arrangement of the electrons of atoms in the orbital. For atoms and ions, the electronic configuration is written by using Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund’s rule.
- According to Pauli Exclusion Principle, no two electrons having the same spin can occupy the same orbital.
- According to Hund’s rule, the orbital in the subshell is filled singly by one electron before the same orbital is doubly filled. When the orbital is singly filled, all the electrons have same spin. In a doubly filled orbital, there are two electrons with opposite spin.
- Half-filled orbitals are comparatively stable as completely filled orbitals. Therefore, if there is a possibility of forming half-filled orbital then the electrons will be moved to the respective orbitals giving rise to more stability.
- When ions are formed from the atoms the electrons are added or removed from the outermost orbital.
To write: Ground-state electronic configuration for the given ions,
(f)
Answer to Problem 4.68QP
Answer
The ground-state electronic configuration of (f) is
Explanation of Solution
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
(g)
Interpretation: Ground-state electronic configuration of the given set of ions has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
- Electronic configuration is the arrangement of the electrons of atoms in the orbital. For atoms and ions, the electronic configuration is written by using Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund’s rule.
- According to Pauli Exclusion Principle, no two electrons having the same spin can occupy the same orbital.
- According to Hund’s rule, the orbital in the subshell is filled singly by one electron before the same orbital is doubly filled. When the orbital is singly filled, all the electrons have same spin. In a doubly filled orbital, there are two electrons with opposite spin.
- Half-filled orbitals are comparatively stable as completely filled orbitals. Therefore, if there is a possibility of forming half-filled orbital then the electrons will be moved to the respective orbitals giving rise to more stability.
- When ions are formed from the atoms the electrons are added or removed from the outermost orbital.
To write: Ground-state electronic configuration for the given ions,
(g)
Answer to Problem 4.68QP
Answer
The ground-state electronic configuration of (g) is
Explanation of Solution
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
(h)
Interpretation: Ground-state electronic configuration of the given set of ions has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
- Electronic configuration is the arrangement of the electrons of atoms in the orbital. For atoms and ions, the electronic configuration is written by using Pauli Exclusion Principle and Hund’s rule.
- According to Pauli Exclusion Principle, no two electrons having the same spin can occupy the same orbital.
- According to Hund’s rule, the orbital in the subshell is filled singly by one electron before the same orbital is doubly filled. When the orbital is singly filled, all the electrons have same spin. In a doubly filled orbital, there are two electrons with opposite spin.
- Half-filled orbitals are comparatively stable as completely filled orbitals. Therefore, if there is a possibility of forming half-filled orbital then the electrons will be moved to the respective orbitals giving rise to more stability.
- When ions are formed from the atoms the electrons are added or removed from the outermost orbital.
To write: Ground-state electronic configuration for the given ions,
(h)
Answer to Problem 4.68QP
Answer
The ground-state electronic configuration of (h) is
Explanation of Solution
Explanation:
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
Electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 4 Solutions
CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST ALEKS CODE
- The ground state electron configuration of a +4 charged ion is [Ar]3d3. What exactly is an ion?arrow_forwardWrite the ground state electron configuration for atom and ion pair. Ta, Ta 2+arrow_forwardWhat are the electron configurations of the following atoms and ions: O, Cl, Ca, Ca2+, Cr, F-, K+, Zn, Zn2+, Agarrow_forward
- Write any two multiplicities of higher energy in the form 2s+1L J, giving a diagrammatic illustration of each.arrow_forwardCalculate the energy required for the electronic transition from n = 3 to n = 5 in the hydrogen atom.arrow_forwardWrite the electron configurations for (a) Ga3 + , (b) Cr3 + ,and (c) Br-.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning