Macroeconomics (Mcgraw-hill Series in Economics)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259663048
Author: David C Colander
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 4, Problem 4QAP
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Brick and mortar retail stores were particularly hard hit by the pandemic and several large chains went bankrupt. Others survived by developing or switching to online sales platforms and developing systems like a curbside pickup. Using the lessons of supply and demand analysis, and in particular, the discussion of demand and supply shifters, answer the following and explain your answer: 1) Do these innovations affect supply or demand, imposing the â€all else constant†assumption (the only one can be affected). 2) Identify the shifter. 3) Which direction does the curve you identified shift and why? 4) Describe what happens to price and quantity at the new equilibrium.
Some have argued that higher cigarette prices do not deter smoking. While there are many arguments both for and against this view, some find the following argument to be the most persuasive of all: “The laws of supply and demand indicate that higher prices are ineffective in reducing smoking. In particular, higher cigarette prices will reduce the demand for cigarettes. This reduction in demand will push the equilibrium price back down to its original level. Since the equilibrium price will remain unchanged, smokers will consume the same number of cigarettes.”Do you agree or disagree with this view?
Disagree - the reduction in demand will push the equilibrium price below its original level.
Disagree - this confuses a change in demand with a change in quantity demanded.
Agree - the price increase will ultimately leave cigarette consumption unchanged.
Disagree - higher cigarette prices will actually increase the demand for cigarettes.
Suppose one of your friends offered the following argument: a rightward shift in demand will cause an increase in price. The increase in price will cause a rightward shift of the supply curve, which will lead to an offsetting decrease in price. Therefore, it is impossible to tell what effect an increase in demand will have on price. Do you agree with your friend? If not, what is the flaw in your friend’s reasoning?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Macroeconomics (Mcgraw-hill Series in Economics)
Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1QCh. 4.1 - Prob. 2QCh. 4.1 - Prob. 3QCh. 4.1 - Prob. 4QCh. 4.1 - Prob. 5QCh. 4.1 - Prob. 6QCh. 4.1 - Prob. 7QCh. 4.1 - Prob. 8QCh. 4.1 - Prob. 9QCh. 4.1 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1QECh. 4 - Prob. 2QECh. 4 - Prob. 3QECh. 4 - Prob. 4QECh. 4 - Prob. 5QECh. 4 - Prob. 6QECh. 4 - Prob. 7QECh. 4 - Prob. 8QECh. 4 - Prob. 9QECh. 4 - Prob. 10QECh. 4 - Prob. 11QECh. 4 - Prob. 12QECh. 4 - Prob. 13QECh. 4 - Prob. 14QECh. 4 - Prob. 15QECh. 4 - Prob. 16QECh. 4 - Prob. 17QECh. 4 - Prob. 18QECh. 4 - Prob. 19QECh. 4 - Prob. 20QECh. 4 - Prob. 21QECh. 4 - Prob. 22QECh. 4 - Prob. 23QECh. 4 - Prob. 24QECh. 4 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 5QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 6QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 1IPCh. 4 - Prob. 2IPCh. 4 - Prob. 3IPCh. 4 - Prob. 4IPCh. 4 - Prob. 5IP
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- Question 1 According to a researcher at the FDA, vegan foods are “the way if the future”. More persons have become health conscious and are looking for foods which will fit this lifestyle. One such food is the Beyond Burger, a plant-based alternative to beef. Notably, despite strong demand for beef burgers, the supply chain has seen a host of disruptions that are preventing producers from getting their products to market. Beyond Burger’s sales in Canada totaled $3.0 billion at the end of 2021, accounting for 20% of all retail sales of burger patties (meat used in burgers), and 40% of the larger market for vegan foods. By the end of 2025, sales of Beyond Burgers are projected to make up 40% of all burger sales. i. Illustrate and explain the effect of the increased use of Beyond Burgers on (i) the burger patties market and (ii) the vegan market. ii. How the supply chain issues affected the beef burger market and describe how this would be corrected without the introduction of the vegan…arrow_forwardExplain as completely as you can what an economist means by supply?arrow_forwardIn the basic supply-and-demand model, a buyer only purchases a good when? if the price is lower than it was previously. if the price of the good covers the producers’ costs of production. if the price is less than they are willing to pay. if doing so increases the well-being of society. if they are forced to do so.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements would you expect to be true about pizzas and food? Food has a higher price elasticity of demand because it is a necessity and pizza is not. Because pizza is food, pizza would have the same price elasticity of demand as food. Food has a lower price elasticity of demand because it is more broadly defined. Because pizza is food, but not all food is pizza, pizza would have a lower price elasticity of demand than food. Compared with food, pizza has a lower price elasticity of demand because it is specifically defined.arrow_forwardSupply and Demand The law of demand and supply are important in business. The law of demand states that as price of a good or service increases, the quantity demand decreases and vice versa. While the law of supply states that as prices of goods and services increase, the quantity supplied increases. The law of demand is a good concept for businesses when setting prices. As businesses raise prices, consumers may buy less of the product because their incomes are mostly stagnant. For example, a parent may buy 4 loaves of bread at $2 each which is $8, but may decide to only buy 2 loaves of bread when the price of a loaf of bread increases to $4. This is because the parent’s income is stagnant and he or she has allocated only $8 for bread. Discussion question The law of demand states that as the price of a good or service increases, the quantity demanded goes down and vice-versa. Share an example of a good or service that follows the law of demand. Give an example of goods or services…arrow_forwardThe drug war There is a debate in the US and in Europe as to how to influence the market for drugs such as cocaine. Some argue that the answer is to reduce the supply of drugs from Colombia – which would otherwise eventually find their way onto the world markets – by giving aid to the Colombian government to fight the drug suppliers. If this is successful, it will drive up the price of cocaine on the streets. Higher prices mean that fewer people will be willing and able to buy drugs, resulting in a fall in demand. This scenario can be seen in Figure 1.13(a) where a successful anti-drug policy in Colombia would decrease supply, i.e. shift the supply curve for cocaine upwards and to the left so that there is an excess demand for cocaine at price P. This will result in a rise in the equilibrium price of cocaine from P to P1. The quantity demanded will contract along the demand curve D from Q to Q1 as price rises from P to P1. Critics of these ideas argue that programmes…arrow_forward
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