LABOR ECONOMICS
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781260004724
Author: BORJAS
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Question
Chapter 4, Problem 7P
To determine
The market clearing wage rate, number of workers employed, and the
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The market for low-skilled workers is highly competitive, due to the high numbers of low skilled individuals. If the labor supply is given by the equation QS = 10W and measured per hour, and the demand for labor is given by the equation QD = 240 − 20W. Where Q measures the quantity of labor hired (in thousands of hours). Answer the following:
(a) At the market equilibrium what is the going wage rate and quantity of low-skilled labor being employed?
(b) If the union successfully forces a minimum wage increase of $9 per hour, at the new market equilibrium what will be the new quantity of labor hired and the quantity of any excess (demand or supply) of labor?
(c) At the $9 minimum wage how much deadweight loss is created?
(d) After the implementation of the $9 minimum wage, in terms of surplus how much better off are low-skilled workers and how much worse off are employers?
(e) If the minimum wage is set at $11 rather than $9 how does the deadweight loss and surplus change?
Suppose that in a competitive output market, firms hire labor from a competitive labor market (so that the profit maximization conditions for hiring labor are as we discussed in class). The firm has a fixed number of machines and can produce the following quantities (Q) associated with the number of workers (L) in a given time period.
L Q
0 0
1 12
2 20
3 26
4 30
5 32
The market price of the good this firm sells is $5. If the firm pays a wage of w = $19.90 per time period, then how many units of labor should this firm hire to maximize profit?
Group of answer choices
a) 1
b) 3
c) 4
d) 2
e) 5
Let market demand for domestic workers be represented by Ed = 1000 - 50w where Ed is domestic labor demanded and w is the hourly wage. Suppose the domestic labor supply is represented by Es = 115w - 821. Now suppose that 106 immigrants that are perfect substitutes for native workers enter the market and their labor supply is perfectly inelastic. What is the equilibrium wage for all workers in this market after the immigrants enter?
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Similar questions
- The table below shows the quantity demanded and supplied at various wage rates for a competitive market. Wage Rate Quantity of Workers Demanded Quantity of Workers Supplied $100 5 50 90 10 45 80 20 40 70 35 35 60 50 30 If the workers form a union and negotiate a weekly wage of $90, how many workers will be supplied and demanded? Multiple Choice The quantity demand will be 10 and the quantity supplied will be 35. The quantity demanded will be 10 and the quantity supplied will be 45. The quantity demand and supplied will both be 35. The quantity demanded will be 35 and the quantity supplied will be 45.arrow_forwardThe legislature in a state in the South passes strong "right-to-work" laws that make it very difficult for unions to organize workers, so the wage is always equal to the market-clearing value. Except for this difference in legislation, the northern and southern states are very similar.The initial position of a supply-and-demand graph corresponds to the initial labor market condition in the southern state before the labor union negotiated the new, higher wage for workers in the northern state.Suppose that after the wage goes up in the northern state, some workers in the northern state lose their jobs and decide to move to the southern state. Which of the following groups are better off as a result of the union action in the northern state? (select all that apply) a) The original workers in the southern state b) Workers in the northern state employed at the union wage c) Employers in the northern state d) Workers who find new jobs in the southern statearrow_forwardSuppose a campus restaurant increases the number of workers it hires from 3 workers per day to 11 workers per day. As a result, its total revenue increases from $135 per day to $550 per day. a. Assuming that each worker is equally productive, what is the marginal revenue product per day of each additional worker? $ b. Assuming the restaurant is using its resources in a profit-maximizing way, and that each worker works 5 days each week, what is the current weekly wage rate in the labor market? $ per weekarrow_forward
- Consider the labour market for farms during the harvest season. Assume the market is perfectly competitive, with a labour demand function QD = 10-P and a labour supply function QS = 3P, where P is the wage. a) What are the consumer (farm owners) surplus and producer (farm workers) surplus in equilibrium? b) What is the price elasticity of demand at the equilibrium? c) Suppose the government subsides the farm owners (consumers) $1 for every unit of labour purchased. Then, compute the quantity of labour traded in the market, the wage received by the workers and the wage paid by the farm owners. d) Calculate the consumer surplus and producer surplus in the presence of the subsidy in part c).arrow_forwardpart one: Suppose the demand for labor is given by W = 25 – 0.2L and the supply is given by W = 10+ 0.3L. What is the equilibrium wage rate? a.$20.2 b.$19 c.$19.4 d.$19.8 part two: Suppose the demand for labor is given by W = 250 – 0.05L, and the number of workers available is L = 3,000. What is the equilibrium wage rate? a.$110 b.$100 c.$130 d.$120 part three: Suppose the demand for labor is given by W = 250 – 0.05L, and the number of workers available is L = 3,000, and the labor union wants to set a minimum wage of $140. What is the number of workers unemployed? (Hint: Unemployed workers are the excess supply of labor.) a.800 b.1,000 c.600 d.400arrow_forwardThe demand for labor for a firm with market power in the output market equals ______.arrow_forward
- True or false. When a labor market consists of a single monopsony buyer of labor interacting with a single monopoly seller of labor (such as a trade union), the resulting quantity of labor that is hired will always be inefficiently low.arrow_forwardThe minimum wage is typically set above the market-clearing wage in the market for labor. Using a graph with an upward-sloping supply of labor, a downward-sloping demand for labor, with the quantity of labor measured on the horizontal axis and the wage rate on the vertical axis, show the effect on the labor market of a minimum wage set above the equilibrium wage rate. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.arrow_forwardBy bargaining for higher wages, unions will likely reduce the quantity of labor demanded by employers unless.arrow_forward
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