Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133910605
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 40, Problem 5FIB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Special “specific receptors” and organs are the special senses that are associated with touch, hearing, vision, equilibrium, taste, and smell. The special senses: taste, vision, hearing, smell, and touch carry stimuli from the sensory receptors and transmit these impulses to the brain for interpretation.
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In humans, the five principal kinds of taste sensations are_______,_______ , _______ ,______, and_____ . Molecules that leave the food and enter the air inside the mouth are detected by the sense of______ , which plays a major role in the brain’s perception of taste.
Researchers have studied the
perception of taste. Which of the
following is an accurate conclusion?
As a person ages, his or her
sensitivity to taste perception
remains unchanged.
Children under the age of 1 cannot
perceive taste differences.
Taste receptors can be found
throughout the mouth.
The olfactory bulb is responsible for
sending messages about taste from
the mouth to the brain.
There are four primary tastes: salty,
spicy, sour, sweet.
Describe the pathway of taste reception from the point where food comes into contact with the tongue to the point at which taste information travels to the brain. Briefly describe the structure and function of each organ along the pathway.
Chapter 40 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
Ch. 40.1 - list and describe the five major types of sensory...Ch. 40.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.3 - give some examples of mechanoreceptors in your...Ch. 40.4 - describe the parts of the human ear and explain...Ch. 40.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.4 - explain how pitch and loudness are encoded?Ch. 40.5 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.5 - Prob. 1TC
Ch. 40.5 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.5 - Whales arent the only animals affected by human...Ch. 40.6 - describe the structures of the human eye and...Ch. 40.6 - Assume that you are an ophthalmologist. Sergei, a...Ch. 40.6 - Prob. 1TCCh. 40.6 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.6 - Despite the presence of the Wind spot, you do not...Ch. 40.6 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 40.7 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.7 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.8 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.8 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 40.8 - Retinal implants have boon developed to provide...Ch. 40.8 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40 - We dont merely identify odors. We also label them...Ch. 40 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 1MCCh. 40 - Prob. 1RQCh. 40 - Many people like to eat spicy foods, but most...Ch. 40 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 2MCCh. 40 - Prob. 2RQCh. 40 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 3MCCh. 40 - Why are we apparently able to distinguish hundreds...Ch. 40 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 40 - A large receptor potential in a sensory receptor...Ch. 40 - Prob. 4RQCh. 40 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 5MCCh. 40 - Prob. 5RQCh. 40 - Diagram the overall structure of the human eye....Ch. 40 - Prob. 7RQCh. 40 - Compare and contrast rods and cones.Ch. 40 - Prob. 9RQ
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- Match each of the following terms with the appropriate description. _____ somatic senses (general senses)a.produced by strong stimulation _____ special sensesb.endings of sensory neurons or specialized cells next to them _____ variations in stimulus intensity _____ action potentialc.taste, smell, hearing, balance, and vision _____ sensory receptord.frequency and number of action potentials e.touch, pressure, temperature, pain, and muscle sensearrow_forwardWatch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/DanielleReed) to learn about Dr. Danielle Reed of the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, PA, who became interested in science at an early age because of her sensory experiences. She recognized that her sense of taste was unique compared with other people she knew. Now, she studies the genetic differences between people and their sensitivities to taste stimuli. In the video, there is a brief image of a person sticking out their tongue, which has been covered with a colored dye. This is how Dr. Reed is able to visualize and count papillae on the surface of the tongue. People fall into two large groups known as tasters and non-tasters on the basis of the density of papillae on their tongue, which also indicates the number of taste buds. Non-tasters can taste food, but they are not as sensitive to certain tastes, such as bitterness. Dr. Reed discovered that she is a non-taster, which explains why she perceived bitterness differently than other people she knew. Are you very sensitive to tastes? Can you see any similarities among the members of your family?arrow_forwardMy question is Salty and sour taste molecules are transduced directly into an electrical signal using _________________________ while sweet, bitter, and umami tastes are transduced indirectly into an electrical signal using ________________________.arrow_forward
- Which part of the brain is responsible for identifying a particular taste?arrow_forwardTaste receptors in the toungue are ipsilateral to the side of the gustatory cortex on which their input is processed. True Falsearrow_forwardThere are only five distinct basic tastes, but thousands of different odors. Demonstrate your understanding of the olfactory system by making a reasonable hypothesis that explains how a vast number of chemical odorants can be recognized?arrow_forward
- From a biological perspective, how do we experience taste? Discuss the composite of the five basic taste sensations. Include a relevant example. Please include references.arrow_forwardResearchers have studied the perception of taste. Which of the following is an accurate conclusion? As a person ages, his or her sensitivity to taste perception diminishes, making it more difficult to distinguish flavors. Children under the age of 1 cannot perceive taste differences. Taste receptors can only be found in the cheeks of the mouth. The olfactory bulb is responsible for sending messages about taste from the mouth to the brain. There are four primary tastes: salty, spicy, sour, sweet. woman was injected with radioactive glucose and asked to look at pictures of her family members while having a brain scan performed. Which type of technology was being used? Computerized axial tomography (CAT) Electroencephalogram (EEG) Lesioning Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Positron emission tomography (PET)arrow_forwardMiraculin is a chemical that causes your sweet taste receptors to be incorrectly activated by H* ions. In the presence of miraculin, what taste would your brain now perceive if you ate something with a low pH (many H")? Bitter Umami Salty Sweet No taste is perceivedarrow_forward
- Name the five taste modalities. Name the three types of papillae that have taste buds.arrow_forwardThe taste of salt is detected by passage of sodium ions through open channels causing the release of neurotransmitters and signalling craniofacial sensory afferent fibers. This taste modality is best described as lonotropic Diatropic Isotropic Metabotropicarrow_forwardTaste cells form chemical synapses with afferent neurites that make up the gustatory cranial nerve. For signals to pass onto the afferents, what critical step must take place? Opening of Ca++ channels Opening of K+ channels Opening of Na+ channels Generation of an action potentialarrow_forward
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