CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-MOD.MASTERING
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135191811
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 40.1, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? If global warming increases average temperatures on Earth by 4°C in this century, predict which biome is most likely to replace tundra in some locations as a result (see Figures 40.7 and 40.8). Explain your answer.
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please solve these both sub-parts accurate and exact. Thank you!
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Interconnectedness of the Biosphere and Atmosphere
Question: Please propose an explanation for the correlation between the annual fluctuations of atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and annual cycles
of phytoplankton biomass shown in the figures below. Describe the mechanisms that lead to the correlation you proposed.
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT Northern Hemisphere
SCIAMACHY
390
Mauna Loa, Hawaii, USA (3397 m), NOAA/ESRL
Mace Head, Ireland (25 m), NOAA/ESRL
380
SCIAMACHY
370
XCO, [ppm]
364
376
388
360
Michael.Buchwitz@iup.physik.uni-bremen.de
NOAA data: ftp://ftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/ccg/co2/flask/month/
350
1994
1996 1998
2000
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Year
Fig. 1: Annual cycles of phytoplankton biomass in the Southern Ocean.
MMMM
Winter
Summer
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
В I
Integrated
CO, mixing ratio [ppm]
DI
Chapter 40 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-MOD.MASTERING
Ch. 40.1 - Explain how the suns unequal heating of Earths...Ch. 40.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 40.1 - WHAT IF? If global warming increases average...Ch. 40.2 - Why are phytoplankton and not benthic algae or...Ch. 40.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 40.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The addition of nutrients to a...Ch. 40.3 - Give examples of human actions that could expand a...Ch. 40.3 - WHAT IF? You suspect that deer are restricting the...Ch. 40.4 - DRAW IT Each female of a particular fish species...Ch. 40.4 - Imagine that you are constructing a life table for...
Ch. 40.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 40.5 - Explain why a constant per capita rate of growth...Ch. 40.5 - Explain why a population that fits the logistic...Ch. 40.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 40.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 40.6 - WHAT IF? Mice that experience stress such as a...Ch. 40.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 40 - Which of the following biomes is correctly paired...Ch. 40 - A populations carrying capacity A. may change as...Ch. 40 - When climbing a mountain, we can observe...Ch. 40 - According to the logistic growth equation...Ch. 40 - WHAT IF? If the direction of Earths rotation...Ch. 40 - INTERPRET THE DATA After examining Figure 40.13,...Ch. 40 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Jens Clausen and colleagues, at...Ch. 40 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 40 - FOCUS ON INTERACTIONS In a short essay (100-150...Ch. 40 - Prob. 10TYU
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- support or refute the following statements based on what you learned about energy flow, biogeochemical cycling, decomposition, trophic levels, and keystone species. You may add a diagram or illustration to support your answer. Shark fin soup can cause the collapse of coral reef ecosystemarrow_forwardIn the context of organic matter decomposition rates, k values tend to decrease as latitude increases, with the average k value in a tropical rainforest equal to 2 and the average k value in a boreal forest equal to 0.4. If you put 1000 g of maple leaf litter on the forest floor of both biomes, how much leaf litter will be left in each biome after 5 days?arrow_forward← → X O A MNPS Q1 Science Biology 2022-2023 Human Activities and Earth's Atmosphere Evidence from scientific studies supports the claim that human activities are contributing to the increasing average global surface temperature on Earth as observed for the past 100 years. The concentration of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere have increased during this time and are thought to be the major cause for changes in global climate Graph 1 represents the relative contribution of human activities that are likely causing global climate change. Graph 2 represents the relative amounts of various greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Graph 1: Contribution of Human Activities to Global Climate Change Agriculture (13%) Burning fossil fuels (49%) Deforestation (14%) Industrial processes (24%) Illuminate Education TM, Inc. Graph 2: Relative Amounts of Greenhouse Gases in Atmosphere Chlorofluoro- carbons (2.7%) Carbon Dioxide (72.7%) Nitrous Oxide Sulfur (7.6%) hexafluoride (0.4%) Methane (16.6%) A B…arrow_forward
- If the human population were to stabilize tomorrow and never reach 8 billion people, would that solve all our environmental problems? Why or why not? What conditions might get better, and what challenges might remain?arrow_forwardGiven the information in the graph what conclusion can you make with respect to the relationship between climate change (increasing global temperatures) and the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by land ecosystems? Explain, using information from the graph to support your explanation.arrow_forwardGiven the information in the graph, what conclusion can you make concerning the relationship between climate change (increasing global temperatures) and the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by land ecosystems? Explain, using information from the graph to support your explanation.arrow_forward
- Human lifestyle choices currently release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere at higher rates than what occurs naturally. When greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide accumulate they trap heat. As a result of this trapped heat, temperatures on Earth's surface are changing Figure 1 - Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Humans Choice and the Greenhouse Gases Emitted as a Result Which of these ideas would be the best course of action for decreasing land temperatures? 1. Phase-out agricultural production, since that sector, produces the largest amounts of methane and nitrous oxide. 2. Decrease land use and biomass burning, because this sector produces all three major greenhouse gases. 3. increase the number of waste disposal and treatment plants because they do not release carbon dioxide 4. Develop alternative energy sources to decrease the amount of carbon dioxide released as a result of power stationsarrow_forwardfeedback (below), can affect climate. An Q3.27. Over long time scales the increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentrations increases the greenhouse effect and causes temperatures to rise. As ocean temperatures rise, the solubility of CO2 decreases. As a result, CO₂ is released from the oceans to the atmosphere, strengthening the greenhouse effect and causing temperatures to rise further. What type of feedback is this? +CO₂ solubility-temperature K + Greenhouse Effect Water Temperature A positive feedback that amplifies climate change A positive feedback that dampens climate change A negative feedback that amplifies climate change A negative feedback that dampens climate change CO₂ Solubility +arrow_forward. WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS Global warming isoccurring rapidly in arctic marine and terrestrial ecosystems.The reflective white snow and ice cover are melting quicklyand extensively, uncovering darker-colored ocean water, plants,and rocks. In a short essay (100–150 words), explain how thisprocess might exemplify positive feedback.arrow_forward
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