Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135755785
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk
Publisher: PEARSON+
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 41, Problem 5FIB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Neuron is also known as nerve cell and is defined as the cell that carries electrical impulses. It serves as the basic unit of the nervous system. It is composed of the axon, cell body, and dendrites.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Motor neurons innervate muscle fibers at specialized synapses called_______ . The release of acetylcholine at these synapses ultimately triggers an action potential in the muscle fiber, which invades the interior of the fiber through_____ and stimulates the release of calcium ions from the_______ .
place the events that occur during muscle contraction and relaxation in their proper order. Insert numbers in the paces provided to order the events in the proper sequence.
_____ A. An electrical impulse travels over the sarcolemma and inward along the T-tubules, causing sacs in the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium.
_____ B. The release of ACh stops and acetylcholinesterase breaks down any remaining ACh.
_____ C. Troponin and tropomyosin prevent the myosin heads from grasping the thin filament, and the muscle fiber relaxes.
_____ D. An electrical impulse causes small vesicles at the end of a motor neuron to release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh).
_____ E. Calcium binds with the troponin on the actin filament, exposing attachment points.
_____ F. ACh diffuses across the synaptic cleft, where it stimulates receptors in the sarcolemma.
_____ G. Calcium ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
_____ H. The myosin heads of the…
Which of the following does NOT occur in or immediately prior to a muscle contraction?
action potential in motor neuron
acetylcholine released into synaptic cleft
temporary localized changes in the membrane potential of the sarcolemma and t-tubules
sacroplasmic recticulum releases acetylcholine
active sites on actin molecules are exposed
During contraction of a muscle, calcium ions bind to the _______."
actin and myosin filaments
troponin molecule
tropomyosin molecule
sarcoplasmic reticulum
sarcolemma
Which of the following is NOT a role of ionic calcium in muscle contraction?
triggers neurotransmitter secretion
binds with troponin
removes contraction inhibitor
spreads the depolarization from the neuromuscular junction to the T-tubules
The role of tropomyosin in a muscle cell is to ____.
all to cell to relax by blocking the binding sites on actin
facilitate the formation of cross-bridges between actin and myosin
Interactions between thick and thin filaments during muscle…
Chapter 41 Solutions
Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 41.1 - Prob. 1TCCh. 41.1 - Prob. 2TCCh. 41.1 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 41.1 - White meat or dark? It seems almost everyone has a...Ch. 41.1 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 41.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 41.1 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 41.1 - explain how the nervous system causes contraction...Ch. 41.2 - describe the similarities and differences between...Ch. 41.2 - compare cardiac and smooth muscle to skeletal...
Ch. 41.3 - Why are thick, armor like exoskeletons found...Ch. 41.3 - Prob. 2TCCh. 41.3 - Prob. 3TCCh. 41.3 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 41.3 - Prob. 1CTCh. 41.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 41.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 41.3 - list and describe the functions of the different...Ch. 41.3 - explain how a bone fracture is repaired and how...Ch. 41.3 - Prob. 5CYLCh. 41 - Prob. 1MCCh. 41 - Prob. 2MCCh. 41 - Prob. 3MCCh. 41 - Prob. 4MCCh. 41 - Prob. 5MCCh. 41 - The three types of skeletal systems found in...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 41 - A skeletal muscle cells is called a(n)__________....Ch. 41 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 41 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 41 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 41 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 41 - Sketch a relaxed muscle fiber containing a...Ch. 41 - Describe the process of skeletal muscle...Ch. 41 - Explain the following two statements: Muscles can...Ch. 41 - What are the three types of skeletons found in...Ch. 41 - Compare the structures of the following pairs:...Ch. 41 - Explain the functions of osteoblasts and...Ch. 41 - Describe a hinge joint and how it is moved by...Ch. 41 - Discuss some of the problems that would result. If...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2AC
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In the diagram below, label the fine structure of a muscle, down to one of its myofibrils. Identify the basic unit of contraction in a myofibril.arrow_forwardFigure 38.37 Which of the following statements about muscle contraction is true? The power stroke occurs when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and phosphate. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the myosin head. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the actin active site. The power stroke occurs when Ca2+ binds the calcium head.arrow_forwardSkeletal muscle contraction requires _________. a. calcium ions b. ATP c. arrival of a nerve impulse d. all of the abovearrow_forward
- The _____ is the basic unit of muscle contraction. a. myofibril b. sarcomere c. muscle fiber d. myosin filamentarrow_forwardWhich statement or statements describe the role of calcium in the stimulation of muscle fibers? Select all that apply. When the action potential reaches the axon terminals of a neuron, calcium channels open and calcium floods into the axon terminal, triggering the release of synaptic vesicles. When calcium ions flood out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, they bind troponin molecules and troponin removes tropomyosin from the active sites on thin filaments. When myosin thick filaments are walking along actin thin filaments (the cross bridge cycle), calcium ions must be available to bind to myosin so that it can let go of the thin filaments and take another "step". When synaptic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane of axon terminals, calcium is released into the synaptic cleft and binds to receptors in the motor end plate.arrow_forwardDescribe what is happening overall in the first sentence. Then describe, in detail, what is happening in each step below. Include details about what is happening at steps 5 - 7 in terms of calcium and the contraction mechanism (from a different figure). (a) -Axon terminal of somatic motor neuron Muscle fiber ACh- potential Action Na+ Action potential- -Motor end plate- lell Ca2+ released Myosin thick filament 6 + + + ++arrow_forward
- Without acetylcholine esterase (AChe) will the action of skeletal muscle increase, decrease or not change? Why?arrow_forwardIdentify the structure of the muscle fiber as indicated by the arrow in the image. synaptic cleft motor end plate O myelin sheath axon terminalarrow_forwardA motor unit is site of interaction between a motor neuron and the muscle fiber that it is innervating. true or false?arrow_forward
- 3 A a. Stimulus 4 in b. 4444 Stimuli -Time- Force 5arrow_forwardPut the following statements describing the skeletal muscle contration pathway in the correct order action potential enters the transverse- tubule action potential generated at motor end plate action potential travel across sarcolemma sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calciumarrow_forwardWhich row below completes the following statement? "The skeletal muscle fibres that are most likely involved in long-distance running are called i because these muscle fibres _ii_." The statement above is best completed by the answers in row: Row i ii fast- produce most of their energy aerobically; they tire only when their fuel supply is gone. twitch fibres slow- produce most of their energy aerobically; they tire only when their fuel supply is gone. twitch fibres fast- twitch fibres have little or no myoglobin, fewer mitochondria, and depend on anaerobically produced energy. slow- have little or no myoglobin, fewer mitochondria, and depend on anaerobically produced energy. twitch fibresarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
- Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...Health & NutritionISBN:9781305634350Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. SchroederPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781305634350
Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. Schroeder
Publisher:Cengage Learning
GCSE PE - ANTAGONISTIC MUSCLE ACTION - Anatomy and Physiology (Skeletal and Muscular System - 1.5); Author: igpe_complete;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6hm_9jQRoO4;License: Standard Youtube License