Campbell Biology In Focus, Loose-leaf Edition (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134895727
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 41.2, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? Consider a grassland with five trophic levels: grasses, mice, snakes, raccoons, and bobcats. If you released additional bobcats into the grassland, how would grass biomass change if the bottom-up model applied? If the top-down model applied? Explain.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Questiion: A given ecosystem has the following amounts of energy available at each trophic level: Primary producers: 3,000 gC/m2/day; Primary consumers: 450 gC/m2/day; Secondary consumers: 45 gC/m2/day; Tertiary consumers: 2.25 gC/m2/day. Does this ecosystem follow Lindeman’s Law for ecological efficiency?
A- No, the average efficiency is 20%
B- Yes, the average efficiency is 20%
C- Yes, the average efficiency is 10%
D- No, the average efficiency is 10%
please draw!
Create a model which accurately, in detail, depicts the potential pathways of carbon (biomass) and energy in an ecosystem with at least five trophic levels (don’t forget your decomposers, they can count as one trophic level). Make sure to incorporate the multiple pathways that biomass and energy could take at each trophic level. Lastly, clearly illustrate how carbon and energy flow in this ecosystem. Be sure to include adequate levels of detail for all pathways and differentiate the flow of carbon and energy in your model.
F5
Which option below most likely describes the nature of the pollutant and the trophic levels of
each of the three species?
5
Pollutant Concentration (ng/g)
30-
O Black squares represent a primary producer, red triangles an herbivore, and blue circles a predator.
The pollutant is biomagnifying in the community.
Blue circles represent a primary producer, black squares an herbivore, and red triangles a predator.
The pollutant is biomagnifying in the community.
Red triangles represent a primary producer, blue circles an herbivore, and black squares a predator.
The pollutant is causing eutrophication of the lake.
Red triangles represent a primary producer, black squares an herbivore, and blue circles a predator.
The pollutant is neither biomagnifying nor causing eutrophication.
F6
O
A
6
E
Year
F7
F8
&
7
F9
*
8
DELL
F10
9
F11
FO
O
?
F12
PrtScr
ap
85°F Clear
Insert
E
Chapter 41 Solutions
Campbell Biology In Focus, Loose-leaf Edition (3rd Edition)
Ch. 41.1 - Explain how interspecific competition, predation,...Ch. 41.1 - According to the principle of competitive...Ch. 41.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Figure 22.13 illustrates how a...Ch. 41.2 - What two components contribute to species...Ch. 41.2 - How is a food chain different from a food web?Ch. 41.2 - WHAT IF? Consider a grassland with five trophic...Ch. 41.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Rising atmospheric CO2 levels...Ch. 41.3 - Why do high and low levels of disturbance usually...Ch. 41.3 - During succession, how might the early species...Ch. 41.3 - WHAT IF? Most prairies experience regular fires,...
Ch. 41.4 - Describe two hypotheses that explain why species...Ch. 41.4 - Describe how an islands size and distance from the...Ch. 41.4 - WHAT IF? Based on MacArthur and Wilsons island...Ch. 41.5 - What are pathogens?Ch. 41.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 41 - The feeding relationships among the species in a...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 41 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 41 - Community 1 contains 100 individuals distributed...Ch. 41 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 41 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY An ecologist studying plants in...Ch. 41 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Explain why adaptations of...Ch. 41 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION In Bateslan mimicry, a...Ch. 41 - Prob. 9TYU
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Explain why hyperthermophiles do not cause disease in humans.
Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy (5th Edition)
a. What three lineages of lobe-fins survive today? b. Go back to the phylogenetic tree in Interactive Question ...
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
More than one choice may apply. Using the terms listed below, fill in the blank with the proper term. anterior ...
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Figure 1.18 In the example below, the scientific method is used to solve an everyday problem. Which part in the...
Concepts of Biology
Describe the evolution of mammals, tracing their synapsid lineage from early amniote ancestors to true mammals....
LooseLeaf for Integrated Principles of Zoology
Define histology.
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Create a model which accurately, in detail, depicts the potential pathways of carbon (biomass) and energy in an ecosystem with at least five trophic levels (don’t forget your decomposers, they can count as one trophic level). Make sure to incorporate the multiple pathways that biomass and energy could take at each trophic level. Lastly, clearly illustrate how carbon and energy flow in this ecosystem. Be sure to include adequate levels of detail for all pathways and differentiate the flow of carbon and energy in your model.arrow_forwardA given ecosystem has the following amounts of energy available at each trophic level: Primary producers: 4,000 gC/m2/day; Primary consumers: 480 gC/m2/day; Secondary consumers: 72 gC/m2/day; Tertiary consumers: 24 gC/m2/day. Does this ecosystem follow Lindeman's Law for ecological efficiency? No, the average efficiency is 20% O Yes, the average efficiency is 10% O No, the average efficiency is 10% O Yes, the average efficiency is 20%arrow_forwardWHAT IF? Suppose a developer proposes to clear-cuta forest that serves as a corridor between two parks. Tocompensate, the developer also proposes to add the samearea of forest to one of the parks. As a professional ecologist, how might you argue for retaining the corridor?arrow_forward
- please draw! make everything clear please! Create a model which accurately, in detail, depicts the potential pathways of carbon (biomass) and energy in an ecosystem with at least five trophic levels (don’t forget your decomposers, they can count as one trophic level). Make sure to incorporate the multiple pathways that biomass and energy could take at each trophic level. Lastly, clearly illustrate how carbon and energy flow in this ecosystem. Be sure to include adequate levels of detail for all pathways and differentiate the flow of carbon and energy in your model.arrow_forwardSuppose that blue sheep are the most important prey of snow leopard, and that the predator‒prey interaction follows Lotka‒Volterra dynamics. The mortality rate of snow leopard in the absence of blue sheep is 0.1 per week, and the intrinsic growth rate of blue sheep in the absence of snow leopard predation is 0.2 per week. Snow leopard capture efficiency is 0.002, and the efficiency at which blue sheep biomass is converted into snow leopard biomass is 0.2. If there are initially 30 snow leopards and 400 blue sheep, the overall rate of change in the blue sheep population will be a gain of ____ per week.arrow_forward2 In a temperate grassland ecosystem, total primary production was 12,740 g/m/yr. Annual net secondary production by the herbivorous insect community was 320.5 g/m/yr. Total net tertiary production by spiders was 22.6 g/m/yr. Calculate the trophic efficiency from the first trophic level to the third trophic level.arrow_forward
- Describe biotic potential. Describe carrying capacity. How do these two factors affect population growth and the ultimate stable size of a population?arrow_forwardUrgent please The larval stage of dragonflies live in water. The graph below shows the populationdensity of two species of dragonflies larvae in a pond over a period of 20 days.Based on this graph, what is happening between these two species in this particularpond? 1.Resource partitioning2.Niche realization3.Competitive exclusion4.Ecological character displacementarrow_forwardAccording to the resource-ratio hypothesis (a.k.a. R-star), what factor(s) will determine the maximum number of competing species that could possibly coexist in a community? (Note: either one or more-than-one answer could be correct) .what does the number of limiting resources in a community tell us? The number of limiting resources in the community The net primary productivity of the community (NPP). The number of trophic levels that are present in the community. | The intrinsic rate of increase (r) of each species in the community. The colonization rate of each species that can access the habitat.arrow_forward
- Construct a biomass pyramid for the following hypothetical scenario. Be sure to include all four trophic levels in the pyramid, and provide the total biomass of living things found at each level. Be sure to include units, and label each trophic level. The shape of your pyramid should be based on the biomass of each trophic level. Levels with more biomass should be drawn wider, and levels with less biomass should be drawn thinner. Note that your biomass pyramid may or may not be a true pyramid. Scenario: Hickory Run Nature Reserve is a 150-acre conservation area filled with plants and animals native to the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. A baseline study was done to determine the total biomass of producers and consumers living on the reserve. Baseline data will be compared to data collected in future years to determine trends in species accumulation or loss. This comparison is important because the region surrounding the reserve is experiencing a high rate of human development…arrow_forwarda. What factors cause energy to decrease with each trophic level?b. How is it possible for energy to be lost and the ecosystem to stillrun efficiently?c. Are the nutrients on the earth a renewable resource? Why or why not?arrow_forwardQuestion:- What can you do with a closed ecosystem in a container's habitat to create more biotic niches?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Ecology: Interspecific and Intraspecific Interactions | Ecology & Environment | Biology | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IiQTrA0-TE8;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY