Concept explainers
To discuss:
Synthesis and regulation of non-protein molecules such as carbohydrates and steroids by the genes.
Introduction:
DNA is a genetic material consisting of a long stretch of
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 4 Solutions
ANTOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
- True or False: Proteins are assembled two or three amino acids at a time during translationarrow_forwardBriefly describe the function of the following in protein synthesis. a. rRNA b. tRNA c. mRNAarrow_forwardBriefly (list in bullet points) what are the FIVE stages of Protein synthesis. Why do you suppose incidences of mutations in enzymes involved in these processes are extremely rare in people — affectingarrow_forward
- The possibility of a single locus in a DNA to code for different mRNAs. If this is possible, what would be the implications?arrow_forwardA process that forms nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate as a by-product.arrow_forwardWhich of these is a post-translational modification that targets a protein to the proteasome? O Ubiquitination O SUMOylation O Phosphorylation O Glycosylation O Methylationarrow_forward
- Hydrogen bonds are important in DNA replication and transcription. They are relatively weak chemical bonds. Why is this a desirable feature for DNA? Describe the effect (s) of changing (mutating) the promoter on the transcription of the DNA strand/gene the promoter controls. What happens to protein synthesis if a nonsense codon is inserted into the gene? Explain why a point mutation does not necessarily change the original amino acid sequence. (Explain silent mutations) Choose any pentapeptide composed of five different amino acids. List the amino acids. Present one messenger RNA codon for each amino acids and the sequence of nucleotides on the DNA that originally coded for your pentapeptide.arrow_forwardBriefly describe (two or three sentences) the role of tRNA in building a protein from mRNA.arrow_forwardADP ribosylation is one example of post-translational modification of an enzyme. Which statements about the process is true? ADP ribosylation will affect protein folding because of the addition of a large molecule ADP ribose can be added to the amine group of lysine or glutamine The ending of DNA around histones in the nucleus is altered by the ADP -ribosylation of the histone proteins in cancer cells ADP ribosylation requires ADP and the target protein as the substrates in the ADP ribosylation ADP ribosylation of phosphoinositol is an important step in signaling through a G protein-coupled receptor pathway.arrow_forward
- Why can’t the exact sequence of mRNA be determined from a protein’s primary structure? thanksarrow_forwardMany ribosomes may associate with a single mRNA to form multiple copies of a polypeptide simultaneously. Such strings of ribosomes are termed as?arrow_forwardProtein synthesis in eukaryotes is similar to the process in prokaryotes in that both eukaryotes and prokaryotes: have introns use methionine as the "start" amino acid use codons to determine polypeptide sequencesarrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning