RESEARCH METHODS F/ BEHAV.(LL)-W/MINTAP
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337755016
Author: GRAVETTER
Publisher: CENGAGE L
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 4.2, Problem 1LO
Describe the major historical
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
STATE: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death and illness worldwide, with high blood pressure and high LDL
cholesterol both being established risk factors. Because most cardiovascular events occur in persons with average risk
factors. Because most cardiovascular events occur in persons with average risk and no previous cardiovascular disease
history, the present research examined the simultaneous use of both blood pressure reducing drugs and cholesterol
reducing drugs on this population, rather than focusing on only those on only those at high risk. Subjects included men at
least 55 years old and women at least 65 years old without cardiovascular disease who had at least one additional risk
factor besides age, such as recent or current smoking, hypertension, or family history of premature coronary heart
disease. Those with current cardiovascular disease were excluded from the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to the
treatment (cholesterol and blood pressure reducing…
“The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said about 72 million Americans—nearly one out of every four of the country’s 304 million residents—are considered obese. Millions more are designated as overweight.” The American trend toward obesity has prompted many physicians to offer weight-loss programs to their patients. [Source: Price, W. T. “Physicians Get into the Weight-Loss Business.” Florida Today, July 7, 2008.]
A physician conducted an experimental study to compare the effectiveness of four different weight-loss programs. In the study, 64 obese adults were randomly assigned to the four programs so that each program had 16 adults. The programs lasted for six months. The weights of the subjects were measured before and after the programs, and each subject’s weight loss was computed in pounds.
The following table summarizes the results of the study, giving the number of observations and the sample mean and variance of the subjects’ weight loss in each program.…
College administrations are continually perplexed about how to deal with hazing issues on their campuses. But how
widespread is hazing, and, in fact, what constitutes hazing anyway? One study tried to get an objective handle on
this persistent college phenomenon by carrying out a large survey of college and university students on 53
campuses. The study leaders defined hazing as "any activity expected of someone joining or participating in a group
that humiliates, degrades, abuses, or endangers them regardless of a person's willingness to participate."
The two types of activities receiving the highest rate of participation overall were "participate in a drinking game" and
"sing or chant by yourself or with a few selected team members in a public situation that is not related to the event,
game, or practice." The table below shows the sample sizes for those responding and the proportions for each
activity across a variety of typical campus groups. In comparing these groups, regard the…
Chapter 4 Solutions
RESEARCH METHODS F/ BEHAV.(LL)-W/MINTAP
Ch. 4.2 - Describe the major historical events that helped...Ch. 4.2 - Describe and apply the three ethical principles of...Ch. 4.2 - Describe the major elements of the APA ethical...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 4.3 - Describe the major elements of the APA ethical...Ch. 4.3 - Describe the purpose and responsibilities of the...Ch. 4.4 - Define fraud and explain the safeguards that exist...Ch. 4.4 - Define plagiarism and explain the techniques that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1ECh. 4 - For each of the following, identify which of the...
Ch. 4 - By manipulating the participants experiences, it...Ch. 4 - Explain the role of voluntary participation in...Ch. 4 - Explain the difference between passive and active...Ch. 4 - Explain how the enforcement of confidentiality...Ch. 4 - Suppose you are planning a research study in which...Ch. 4 - Describe in your own words the criteria that the...Ch. 4 - Find your colleges IRB guidelines and procedures...Ch. 4 - Summarize the major APA ethical standards...Ch. 4 - Describe how replication protects against fraud...Ch. 4 - Explain why plagiarism is unethical.
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- "The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said about 72 million Americans-nearly one out of every four of the country's 304 million residents-are considered obese. Millions more are designated as overweight." The American trend toward obesity has prompted many physicians to offer weight-loss programs to their patients. [Source: Price, w. T. "Physicians Get into the Weight-Loss Business." Florida Today, July 7, 2008.] A physician conducted an experimental study to compare the effectiveness of four different weight-loss programs. In the study, 60 obese adults were randomly assigned to the four programs so that each program had 15 adults. The programs lasted for six months. The weights of the subjects were measured before and after the programs, and each subject's weight loss was computed in pounds. The following table summarizes the results of the study, giving the number of observations and the sample mean and variance of the subjects' weight loss in each program. Treatment…arrow_forward1) Using the data from the American Community Survey (IPUMS), the Pew Research Center reported that 32.1% of 18- to 34-year-olds was living with their parents in their parents' home in 2014. For the first time in recorded history, this was the most common living arrangement for this age group. What percentage of 18- to 34-year-olds is living at home with their parents this year? To answer this question, suppose that this year researchers conduct another survey with a random sample of 1,100 adults in this age group. Suppose that 35% are living at home with their parents. Assuming that the variability in random samples will be the same as in the 2014 study, find the 95% confidence interval for this year and interpretit. a) Verify that the conditions for the use of the normal model are met based on the Pew Research Center study. b) Calculate the standard error based onthe 2014 study. c) Find the 95% confidence interval for this year and represent it as a line segment. d) Interpret your…arrow_forwardAttitudes toward interracial relationships have changed dramatically since the Supreme Court ruled bans on interracial marriage were unconstitutional in Loving v. Virginia in 1967. A researcher interested in learning about current attitudes recruited a diverse sample of undergraduate students throughout the United States were asked to classify themselves as: (1) Asian, (2) Black or African American, (3) American Indian or Alaska Native, (4) White, (5) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islanders, or (6) Other (e.g., some other race, two or more races). Each person was also asked whether their family would consider it acceptable (yes or no) is they married someone from a different racial category. What statistical test should be used to see if acceptability differs between people from different racial categories? A. Is this a relationship test or a difference test? Explain your rationale. B. What would be the appropriate statistical test? Explain your rationale.arrow_forward
- The Terri Schiavo Case. In the early part of 2005, the Terri Schiavo case received national attention as her husband sought to have life support removed, and her parents sought to maintain that life support. The courts allowed the life support to be removed, and her death ensued. A Harris Poll of 1010 U.S. adults was taken by telephone on April 21, 2005, to determine how common it is for life support systems to be removed. Those questioned in the sample were asked: (1) Has one of your parents, a close friend, or a family member died in the last 10 years? (2) Before (this death/these deaths) happened, was this person/were any of these people, kept alive by any support system? (3) Did this person die while on a life support system, or had it been withdrawn? Respondents were also asked questions about age, sex, race, education, region, and household income to ensure that results represented a cross section of U.S. adults. a. What kind of sampling design was used in this survey? Explain…arrow_forwardA school psychologist gathers data on emotional and behavioral problems in 373 children enrolled in their school. The psychologist uses a variety of statistical analyses to summarize responses & shares results with school staff. Although we don't know what specific analyses the researcher conducted, we can guess that they used: a. Appropriate Statistics b. Descriptive Statistics c. Inferential Statistics d. Qualitative Statisticsarrow_forwardThe University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study (HRS) surveys more than 22,000 Americans over the age of 50 every two years. A subsample of the HRS participated in an Internet-based survey that collected information on a number of topical areas, including health (physical and mental health behaviors), psychosocial items, economics (income, assets, expectations, and consumption), and retirement. Two of the questions asked were: "Would you say your health is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?" and “Do you smoke cigarettes now?" Here is the two-way table that summarizes the answers on these two questions: Current smoker Нealth Yes No Excellent 25 484 Very good 115 1557 Good 145 1309 Fair 90 545 Рoor 29 11 This table gives the responses of a survey of 4310 Americans to questions about their health and whether they currently smoke cigarettes. You might find this chi-square table useful. Do these data satisfy our guidelines for safe use of the chi-square test? Enter your…arrow_forward
- 2. One of the country's most pervasive societal issues appears to be violence against women (VAW). According to the Philippine Statistics Authority's 2017 National Demographic and Health Survey, one in every four Filipino women between the ages of 15 and 49 has been subjected to physical, emotional, or sexual assault by their husband or partner. The approximate number of complaints received per day by the Violence Against Women and Children (VAWC) Desk in Pangasinan during the first quarter of 2020 is shown below. Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of the distribution. Note: P(X) = : %3D X: P(X) X² - P(X) X f 21 P(X) 3 4 16 a2 = 32 15 8. 16 9 10 10 25 11 29 12 24 Standard Deviation Variance | E(x·P(X))= Mean(u) N = P(X) = 1 Ex² · P(X)= 197arrow_forward1. In a 2020 article, Ryan Motz and his colleagues investigated how youth justice system contact affected their offending at age 18. Using pairs of twins, they found that those who had justice system contact through spending a night in jail, being issued an antisocial behavior order, or having an official record promoted crime and resulted in increased offending. Let’s say you have a sample of 20 eighteen-year-old males who have been in juvenile institutions at least once before they were eighteen. The mean offending rate in the last six months for these 20 males was 18 with a standard deviation of 4. Build a 99% confidence interval around this point estimate.arrow_forward3. SAT coaching: A sample of 32 students took a class designed to improve their SAT math scores. Following are their scores before and after the class. Before After Before After 383 420 394 430 334 368 513 525 378 396 483 482 467 488 447 482 470 489 440 479 473 473 439 451 443 448 435 431 459 473 451 454 426 428 453 463 493 525 491 511 382 382 526 529 473 474 473 493 408 407 440 466 433 434 481 482 478 490 459 455 502 508 399 404 Can you conclude that the mean increase in score is less than 15 points? State a conclusion. Use the α = 0.05 level of significance.arrow_forward
- Do ethnic group and gender influence the type of care that a heart patient receives? The following pas- sage is from the article “Heart Care Reflects Race and Sex, Not Symptoms” (USA Today, February 25, 1999, reprinted with permission):Previous research suggested blacks and women were less likely than whites and men to get cardiac cathe- terization or coronary bypass surgery for chest pain or a heart attack. Scientists blamed differences in illness severity, insurance coverage, patient preference, and health care access. The researchers eliminated those differences by videotaping actors—two black men, two black women, two white men, and two white women—describing chest pain from identical scripts. They wore identical gowns, used identical gestures, and were taped from the same position. Researchers asked 720 primary care doctors at meetings of the American College of Physicians or the American Academy of Family Physicians to watch a tape and recommend care. The doctors thought the…arrow_forwardSuppose an observational study is said to be a case-control study. Which of the following is true? (1 answer) A.) The study observes facts from the present, or over a very short period of time. B.)The study attempts to control different levels of a variable, called factors, comparing results to a control group. C.) The study observes facts from the past, or accesses previous records. D.) The study observes characteristics of individuals over a long period of time, perhaps not concluding until many years from now.arrow_forward11 Health care issues are receiving much attention in both academic and political arenas. A sociologist recently conducted a survey of citizens over 60 years of age whose net worth is too high to qualify for Medical insurance. The ages of 25 senior citizens were as follows: 64 63 74 86 65 70 92 61 60 82 87 81 90 76 76 73 69 89 81 75 73 68 68 62 66 Identify which of the following is the correct statement. a) One fourth of the senior citizens sampled are below 64 years of age. b) All of the above are correct. c) O 25% of the senior citizens sampled are older than 81.5 years of age. d) O The middle 50% of the senior citizens sampled are between 65.5 and 73.0 years of age. O Boş bırakarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...
Algebra
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:McGraw Hill
Introduction to experimental design and analysis of variance (ANOVA); Author: Dr. Bharatendra Rai;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSFo1MwLoxU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY