BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS & INVESTIGATIONS LL>C
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781264013548
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 4.2, Problem 3MC
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The protein that is oxidized and the protein that is reduced with reference to figure 4.6 “Electron Transport Chain,” given in the textbook and also explain the reason for the same.
Concept introduction:
Oxidation is a process in which a substance or an ionic species looses electron or there is an addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogen. Reduction is a process in which a substance or an ionic species gains electron and in which oxygen is removed or the hydrogen is added.
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Energy is required to reverse the flow of the electron transport chain. Why would this be so?
Which of the following statements describes the end step for the electron transport chain?
A. H+ ions flow down the gradient to generate ATP
B. electrons are transferred to NADH and FADH2 for chemiosmosis
C. electrons are transferred to oxygen, causing it to split and take up H+ ions, which form water
D. H+ are pumped across the inner membrane of mitochondria to establish an electrochemical gradient
Does the electron transport chain produce ATP?(directly) If yes, draw the steps that directly produce ATP. If no, draw the process that directly produces ATP and explain how it relates to the electron transport chain.
Chapter 4 Solutions
BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS & INVESTIGATIONS LL>C
Ch. 4.1 - What are some examples of the work of a cell?Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 4.1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 4.1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 4.2 - What is metabolism on a cellular level?Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 3MCCh. 4.3 - What are the main parts of an ATP molecule?Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 4.3 - Describe the relationships among endergonic...
Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 4.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 4.4 - Prob. 3MCCh. 4.4 - Prob. 4MCCh. 4.4 - List three conditions that influence enzyme...Ch. 4.5 - What is diffusion?Ch. 4.5 - What types of substances diffuse freely across a...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 4.5 - Prob. 4MCCh. 4.5 - Prob. 5MCCh. 4.5 - Prob. 6MCCh. 4.6 - How does a knifefish adjust its electric field?Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 4 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 4 - Building proteins _____ energy; ATP hydrolysis...Ch. 4 - How does ATP participate in coupled reactions? a....Ch. 4 - How does an enzyme affect the energy of a...Ch. 4 - Imagine that you place a drop of red food coloring...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 4 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 4 - Some people claim that lifes high degree of...Ch. 4 - List some examples of endergonic and exergonic...Ch. 4 - Why do electron transport chains release energy?Ch. 4 - Provide an example of an appliance that uses...Ch. 4 - Name at least four ways that a cell uses ATP.Ch. 4 - Use what you know about enzymes to propose an...Ch. 4 - Considering that enzymes are essential to all...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 4 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 4 - Liver cells are packed with glucose. If the...Ch. 4 - List three ways the content in this chapter...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1PITCh. 4 - Prob. 2PITCh. 4 - Prob. 3PIT
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- Why is the formation of ATP by ATP synthase referred to as oxidative phosphorylation? A. A phosphate is transferred from oxygen to ADP to form ATP B. Oxygen provides the mechanical energy that is used to create ATP from ADP C. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, which creates the proton gradient necessary to power ATP synthase D. ADP combines with oxygen to form ATParrow_forwardWe know that atmospheric oxygen (O2) can be a final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration. Name 2 other inorganic molecules that can be final electron acceptors at the end of the electron transport chain in anaerobic respiration. Name 1 organic molecule that can be a final electron acceptor in fermentation.arrow_forwarda. In complex ___ of the electron transport chain, electrons from cytochrome C are transferred to O2. A. I B. II C. III D. IV b. Which of the following represents anammox? A. N2 → NH3 B. NO2- → NO C. NH3 → N2 D. NO2- → NO3-arrow_forward
- IN THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN, THE FINAL ELECTRON ACCEPTOR IS ? 1. ADP 2. CARBON DIOXIDE 3. OXYGEN 4. WATERarrow_forwardFunction of proteins in the ETC (electron transport chain)? energy of proteins used to pump electrons (in the form of O2) outside of the inner membrane into the inner membrane space energy of proteins used to pump protons (in the form of H ions) outside of the inner membrane into the inner membrane space energy of proteins used to pump protons (in the form of H ions) inside of the inner membrane into the outside of inner membrane space energy of proteins used to pump electrons (in the form of H ions) outside of the inner membrane into the inner membrane spacearrow_forwardYou are trying to figure out an electron transport pathway including the following electron transport molecules: B, K, T, Q and X. You do so by employing inhibitors for various steps in the process. When you do, you get the following results: Inhibitor Electron Transport Molecules Trapped in Reduced Form Ticin Q & K Digitin K Estin T, K, Q & B Lucin Q, K & T What is the order of the molecules (the pathway) in the electron transport chain suggested by the above data from the most reduced to the least reduced molecule? only one answer options: K —> T —> B —> Q —> X K —> Q —> T —> B —> X T —> B —> K —> Q —> X X —> B —> T —> Q —> Karrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is TRUE of the electron transport chain (ETC)? A. The movement of electrons down the ETC drives the formation of a proton (H+) gradient. B. The movement of H+ ions through ATP synthase drives the transfer of electrons down the ETC. C. The movement of electrons down the ETC drives the movement of ADP and phosphate through ATP synthase. D. The movement of H+ ions across the inner membrane of the mitochondria drives the transfer of electrons down the ETC.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is a lie?Select one:a.Specific enzymes in the electron transport chain are unaffected by feedback inhibition.b.Elevated levels of ADP will increase pathway activity in the electron transport chain.c.The rate of transport of electrons through the electron transport chain is regulated by feedback inhibition.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the generation of ATP in the electron transport chain is correct? a. The generation of ATP from ADP coupled to electron transfer occurs by substrate level phosphorylation as in glycolysis. b. ATP synthase generation of ATP involves a rotating structure inside the inner mitochondrial membrane. c. ATP synthase generation of ATP involves a rotating structure outside the inner mitochondrial membrane. d. Electron transport generates a proton gradient across the outer mitochondrial membrane.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about cellular respiration is TRUE in eukaryotes? A. For every molecule of NADH oxidized in the electron transport chain, 1 molecule of ATP is produced. B. ATP synthase harnesses the flow of protons (hydrogen ions = H+) from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space to produce ATP. C. ATP synthase transduces the flow of protons (hydrogen ions = H+) from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix into kinetic (mechanical) energy D. H2O is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, being oxidized to O2 and H+. E. All of the above are truearrow_forwardDescribe the electron transport chain . What is the substrate? What are the products? Where does it happen? What does it accomplish?arrow_forwardAt how many protein complex sites in the electron transport chain does proton pumping occur? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4arrow_forward
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