Bundle: Physics For Scientists And Engineers With Modern Physics, Loose-leaf Version, 10th + Webassign Printed Access Card For Serway/jewett's Physics For Scientists And Engineers, 10th, Single-term
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337888585
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 43, Problem 53AP
As part of his discovery of the neutron in 1932, James Chadwick determined the mass of the newly identified particle by firing a beam of fast neutrons, all having the same speed, at two different targets and measuring the maximum recoil speeds of the target nuclei. The maximum speeds arise when an elastic head-on collision occurs between a neutron and a stationary target nucleus. (a) Represent the masses and final speeds of the two target nuclei as m1, v1, m2, and v2 and assume Newtonian mechanics applies. Show that the neutron mass can be calculated from the equation
(b) Chadwick directed a beam of neutrons (produced from a nuclear reaction) on paraffin, which contains hydrogen. The maximum speed of the protons ejected was found to be 3.30 × 107 m/s. Because the velocity of the neutrons could not be determined directly, a second experiment was performed using neutrons from the same source and nitrogen nuclei as the target. The maximum recoil speed of the nitrogen nuclei was found to be 4.70 × 106 m/s. The masses of a proton and a nitrogen nucleus were taken as 1.00 u and 14.0 u, respectively. What was Chadwick’s value for the neutron mass?
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Po-204 (mass=204 amu) undergoes alpha decay. Show that, as a result of ejecting alpha particle (He-4, mass=4 amu), the daughter nucleus recoils with a speed equal to 2 % that of the alpha particle.
Po-204 (mass=204 amu) undergoes alpha decay. Show that, as a
result of ejecting alpha particle (He-4, mass=4 amu), the daughter
nucleus recoils with a speed equal to 2 % that of the alpha particle.
Po
Ernest Rutherford (the first New Zealander to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry) demonstrated that nuclei were very small and dense by scattering helium-4 nuclei (4He) from gold-197 nuclei (19 Au). The energy of
the incoming helium nucleus was 7.35 x 10
-13 j, and the masses of the helium and gold nuclei were 6.68 x 10-27 kg and 3.29 x 10-25
kg, respectively (note that their mass ratio is 4 to 197. Assume that the helium
nucleus travels in the +x-direction before the collision.)
(a) If a helium nucleus scatters to an angle of 112° during an elastic collision with a gold nucleus, calculate the helium nucleus' final speed (in m/s) and the final velocity (magnitude in m/s and direction counterclockwise
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120°
He nucleus
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4He speed
m/s
197Au velocity
m/s
197
Au direction
° counterclockwise from the +x-axis
(b) What is the final kinetic energy (in J) of the helium nucleus?
J
Chapter 43 Solutions
Bundle: Physics For Scientists And Engineers With Modern Physics, Loose-leaf Version, 10th + Webassign Printed Access Card For Serway/jewett's Physics For Scientists And Engineers, 10th, Single-term
Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 43.1QQCh. 43.5 - Prob. 43.3QQCh. 43.5 - Which of the following is the correct daughter...Ch. 43.8 - When a nucleus undergoes fission, the two daughter...Ch. 43.8 - Prob. 43.6QQCh. 43.10 - Prob. 43.7QQCh. 43 - Prob. 1PCh. 43 - Prob. 2PCh. 43 - Prob. 3PCh. 43 - Prob. 4P
Ch. 43 - Prob. 5PCh. 43 - Prob. 7PCh. 43 - Prob. 8PCh. 43 - Prob. 9PCh. 43 - Prob. 10PCh. 43 - Prob. 11PCh. 43 - Prob. 13PCh. 43 - Prob. 15PCh. 43 - Prob. 17PCh. 43 - Prob. 18PCh. 43 - Prob. 19PCh. 43 - Prob. 20PCh. 43 - Prob. 21PCh. 43 - Prob. 22PCh. 43 - Prob. 23PCh. 43 - Prob. 24PCh. 43 - Enter the correct nuclide symbol in each open tan...Ch. 43 - Prob. 26PCh. 43 - Prob. 27PCh. 43 - Prob. 28PCh. 43 - Prob. 29PCh. 43 - Prob. 30PCh. 43 - Prob. 32PCh. 43 - Prob. 33PCh. 43 - Prob. 35PCh. 43 - Prob. 37PCh. 43 - Prob. 39PCh. 43 - Prob. 41PCh. 43 - Prob. 42PCh. 43 - Prob. 44PCh. 43 - Prob. 45APCh. 43 - Prob. 46APCh. 43 - Prob. 47APCh. 43 - Prob. 48APCh. 43 - Prob. 49APCh. 43 - Prob. 50APCh. 43 - Prob. 51APCh. 43 - Prob. 52APCh. 43 - As part of his discovery of the neutron in 1932,...Ch. 43 - Prob. 55APCh. 43 - Prob. 56APCh. 43 - Prob. 58APCh. 43 - Prob. 59APCh. 43 - Prob. 60APCh. 43 - Prob. 62APCh. 43 - Prob. 63APCh. 43 - Prob. 64APCh. 43 - Prob. 65APCh. 43 - Prob. 66CP
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