Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 43.5, Problem 1HYEW
Summary Introduction
To determine:
Why childbirth is so difficult.
Introduction:
Earlier, head of the newborn babies was smaller due to the poor nutrients. But now, the women’s hip has evolved wider so that large headed infants would be easily squeezed out.
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Using vertebrates as an example, how does comparative embryology prove evolution?
Scientists compare the structures of a chicken embryo and a human embryo at the same stage of development. They find that both vertebrates have similar shapes and structures, including the presence of gill slits and tails. How is this comparison of the embryos used as supporting evidence of evolution?
A. The similarities suggest that chickens and humans are the direct descendants of modern day fish with tails and gill slits.
B. The similarities suggest that vertebrates passthrough each of the adult stages of their evoluntionary history as they develop.
C. The similarities suggest that vertebrates can undergo genetic changes during development that lead to the evolution of new species
D. The similarities suggest that chickens and humans descend from ancestors with genes that code for the development of tails and gill slits
Can you suggest why, during the evolutionary history of animals, there has been a tendency for maximum body size to increase? Do you think it inevitable that complexity should increase along with body size? Why or why not?
Chapter 43 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 43.1 - define development and describe how cell division...Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.3 - describe early development in amphibians,...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 43.4 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43.4 - Does the development of a human limb, and the rest...Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.5 - Prob. 1TC
Ch. 43.5 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 3TCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 43.5 - describe human embryonic development from...Ch. 43.5 - describe the structure and function of the...Ch. 43.5 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 1TCCh. 43.6 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43 - Prob. 1MCCh. 43 - Animals with Indirect development a. develop...Ch. 43 - Prob. 3MCCh. 43 - Prob. 4MCCh. 43 - Prob. 5MCCh. 43 - Prob. 6MCCh. 43 - Prob. 7MCCh. 43 - Prob. 8MCCh. 43 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 43 - Distinguish between direct and indirect...Ch. 43 - Describe the structure and function of the four...Ch. 43 - What is gastrulation? Describe gastrulation in...Ch. 43 - Prob. 4RQCh. 43 - Prob. 5RQCh. 43 - In humans, where does fertilization occur, and...Ch. 43 - Prob. 7RQCh. 43 - Prob. 8RQCh. 43 - How do changes in the breast prepare a mother to...Ch. 43 - Prob. 10RQCh. 43 - Prob. 1ACCh. 43 - Prob. 2AC
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Human embryos have tails which become tail bones before birth. Tails also appear in fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals Humans also have hair and produce milk to nourish the young, which is unique to mammals. What does this indicate? a close evolutionary connection between humans and many other mammals a very distant evolutionary connection between humans and many other mammals a very distant evolutionary connection between humans and many other reptiles a close evolutionary connection between humans and many other reptilesarrow_forwardHow can evolutionary relationships among organisms be determined by comparing embryonic development? A. Embryos of fish and mammals share no similarities B. Embryos retrace their ancestral stages during embryonic development C. Embryos of more closely related organisms show greater similarities in development D. Embryos that develop inside eggs lack similarities to placental mammalsarrow_forwardVertebrate embryos all follow a very similar developmental process. Which statement could explain this similarity? All vertebrates develop a backbone that protects the spinal cord. All vertebrates live in similar environments which require the same adaptations. All vertebrates inherit the same sequence of DNA from their parents. All vertebrates require the same nutrients during embryological development.arrow_forward
- People could observe the development of an embryo before they had the tools to see cells and parts of cells such as DNA. How they explained the development from embryo to organism and how would the discovery of DNA and how DNA "works" have changed how scientists could research development?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is the correct order for the four developmental phases in animals? A. Segmentation of the body B. Determination C. Cell differentiation D. Formation of body axes a. A, B, C, D b. A, D, C, B c. D, A, B, C d. D, A, C, Barrow_forwardAlthough other groups of vertebrates are more numerous and have existed longer than mammals, mammals are often called the most advanced form of life. Why?arrow_forward
- Humans as individuals have a number of disadvantages compared to other animals. For instance we are not very fast, strong, cannot see well in the dark, have a poor sense of smell and hearing compared to other animals, and we are not very good climbers. With all of these disadvantages how is it that we have been so successful? Shouldn't we have gone extinct as other humanoids such as Homo erectus? Discuss why humans have beaten the odds and are so successful.arrow_forwardHow can embryos help scientists understand evolution? Embryos go through various stages that suggest the animal’s evolutionary process. Embryos are frequently fossilized and illustrate change over time. Embryos provide evidence for which life forms existed at the same time. Embryos contain the code for all life on Earth.arrow_forwardIn some ways, human development is like that of a sea urchin, in others more like the of a frog, and in other ways more like that of a bird, and even more like that of a dog. Explain in a few sentences how this is true for each of these different animals.arrow_forward
- If you are a scientist studying the evolution of animals, what is the best approach you can use for analysis? analyzing behaviors of living animals with a common ancestry analyzing embryos and skeletons of animals of the same species analyzing DNA sequences and embryonic development analyzing the the fossilized remains of animals from different time periodsarrow_forwardIn vertebrate evolution, which of the following evolved most recently? Amniotic egg Jaw Feathers Limbsarrow_forward"Neanderthals have revealed interesting elements of the human genome". What are those elements ?arrow_forward
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