Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 45, Problem 8TY
Muscle fibers that have a large number of mitochondria, contain large amounts of myoglobin, and exhibit low rates of ATPase activity are called ______blank fibers.
- a. slow-glycolytic
- b. fast-glycolytic
- c. intermediate
- d. fast-oxidative
- e. slow-oxidative
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A bacterial toxin is known to block the release of ACh at the motor end plate of skeletal muscle. Consequently, a. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing force. b. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing frequency. c. the ability to stimulate the muscle is impaired. d. other neurotransmitters would stimulate the muscle.
The function of Ca2+ in skeletal muscle contraction is toa. cause an allosteric change in myosin so it detaches from actin.b. provide the energy necessary for the movement of the cross-bridge.c. expose the myosin-binding sites on the thin filaments.d. bind to tropomyosin.e. do a and c only.
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Chapter 45 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 45.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 45.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 45.2 - Prob. 1CSCh. 45.2 - Prob. 2CSCh. 45.3 - What is the normal function of the PPAR- protein...Ch. 45.3 - CoreSKILL What was the hypothesis proposed by...Ch. 45.3 - CoreSKILL Assume that the mean weight of both...Ch. 45 - Prob. 1TYCh. 45 - Prob. 2TYCh. 45 - Prob. 3TY
Ch. 45 - Prob. 4TYCh. 45 - The function of ATP during muscle contraction is...Ch. 45 - The function of Ca2+ in skeletal muscle...Ch. 45 - Stimulation of a muscle fiber by a motor neuron...Ch. 45 - Muscle fibers that have a large number of...Ch. 45 - Which of the following statements about movement...Ch. 45 - Prob. 10TYCh. 45 - Compare the structural and functional features of...Ch. 45 - Describe as many types of animal locomotion as you...Ch. 45 - Prob. 3CQCh. 45 - List and briefly describe the steps in the...Ch. 45 - Discuss the three types of muscle tissues found in...
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- Unlike skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle cells________." A do not use the sliding filament mechanism of contraction B are not striated C do not rely on an influx of Ca+2 for contraction to occur D do not require neural stimulation to contractarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best describes the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction? a. Actin and myosin filaments do not shorten, but rather, slide past each other. b. Actin and myosin filaments shorten and slide past each other. c. As they slide past each other, actin filaments shorten, but myosin filaments do not shorten. d. As they slide past each other, myosin filaments shorten, but actin filaments do not shorten.arrow_forwardMuscle relaxation occurs when ________. a. calcium ions are actively transported out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum b. calcium ions diffuse out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum c. calcium ions are actively transported into the sarcoplasmic reticulum d. calcium ions diffuse into the sarcoplasmic reticulumarrow_forward
- During the contraction of a vertebrate skeletal muscle fiber,calcium ions(A) break cross-bridges as a cofactor in hydrolysis of ATP.(B) bind with troponin, changing its shape so that the myosinbinding sites on actin are exposed.(C) transmit action potentials from the motor neuron to themuscle fiber.(D) spread action potentials through the T tubules.arrow_forwardGraph A in this diagram represents A) summation and tetanus of a smooth muscle fibre. C) a simple skeletal muscle twitch c) summation and tetanus of a skeletal muscle fibre. D)simple smooth muscle twitch.arrow_forwardWhich is a false statement about skeletal muscle structure?a. A myofibril is composed of multiple muscle fibers.b. Most skeletal muscles attach to bones by connective-tissue tendons.c. Each end of a thick filament is surrounded by six thin filaments.d. A cross-bridge is a portion of the myosin molecule.e. Thin filaments contain actin, tropomyosin, and troponin.arrow_forward
- When a muscle fiber is stretched from 60% of its optimal length to Lo, what change or changes are happening on the cellular level (MULTIPLE SELECT)? A. Increased calcium release from the SR B. Increased firing of action potentials from the alpha motor neuron C. Increased rate of myosin ATPase activity D. Increased number of actin-myosin bridges E. Increased stretch on titin, producing more passive forcearrow_forwardIf a muscle cell had very short T-tubules, how much tension would the muscle fiber create, relative to a normal muscle fiber? Assume sarcoplasmic reticulum can still react to activity at the neuromuscular junction. a)Less tension would be created. b) No difference in tension creation. c) More tension would be created. d) No tension would be created.arrow_forwardWhat event causes a troponin-tropomyosin complex to regain its original shape in muscle relaxation? a. stimulation of ACh receptors b. diffusion of Na+ back into transverse tubules c. return of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum d. breaking of the bond with tropomyosinarrow_forward
- The function of ATP during muscle contraction is toa. cause an allosteric change in myosin so it detaches from actin.b. provide the energy necessary for the movement of the cross-bridge.c. expose the myosin-binding sites on the thin filaments.d. do all of the above.e. do a and b only.arrow_forwardIn a skeletal muscle fiber, Ca2+ is released from a. ACh receptors. b. the motor end plate. c. the sarcoplasmic reticulum. d. the sarcolemma and T-tubules.arrow_forwardAfter death, a person no longer makes ATP, so calcium stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum diffuses down its concentration gradient into the muscle cytoplasm. This result is rigor mortis----an unbreakable state of muscle contraction that stiffens the body for a few days until muscles begin to decay. Explain why this contraction occurs.arrow_forward
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