Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 46, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The interface between the body of an animal and the respiratory medium is known as the respiratory surface. It is made up of epithelial and pulmonary capillary endothelial cells.
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What term best describes the exchnage of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the interface between the systemic cappillaries and the peripheral tissues?
A. Ventilation
B. Cellular respiration
C. Internal respiration
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Why do some, if not most aquatic organisms, have supplemental respiratory organs as compared to strictterrestrial animals? BRIEFLY answer, be straight to the point
The alveoli of mammalian lungs do not contain 20.9% O2 (that is, the percentage of O2 in atmospheric dry air) because
A.
there is dead space in the trachea and bronchial tree and the air in the lungs is humidified.
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mammals do not normally ventilate the lungs at a high enough rate.
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the trachea and bronchi are too small in volume to contain this amount of O2.
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mammal lungs have too many alveoli to ventilate.
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some O2 has been exchanged with the blood before reaching the alveoli.
Chapter 46 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 46.1 - Distinguish between the roles of the respiratory...Ch. 46.1 - What is an advantage of water over air as a...Ch. 46.2 - What advantages do gills confer on a...Ch. 46.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 46.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 46.2 - Distinguish between positive pressure breathing...Ch. 46.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 46.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 46.3 - Prob. 3SBCh. 46.4 - Explain the role of hemoglobin in gas exchange.
Ch. 46.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 46.5 - What are the key evolutionary adaptations that...Ch. 46 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 46 - Oxygen enters the blood in the lungs because...Ch. 46 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 46 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 46 - Lycopene, which is abundant in tomatoes, is...Ch. 46 - Prob. 2ITD
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- The respiratory system_______. a. provides body tissues with oxygen b. provides body tissues with oxygen and carbon dioxide c. establishes how many breaths are taken per minute d. provides the body with carbon dioxidearrow_forwardEVOLUTION LINK Aquatic mammals such as whales and dolphins use lungs rather than gills for gas exchange. Propose a hypothesis to explain why.arrow_forwardDuring inhalation, ________. a. the thoracic cavity expands d. the diaphragm relaxes c. atmospheric pressure declines d. the lungs deflatearrow_forward
- In the diagram below, label the parts of the respiratory system and the structures that enclose some of its partsarrow_forwardFigure 39.7 Which of the following statements about the mammalian respiratory system is false? When we breathe in, air travels from the pharynx to the trachea. The bronchioles branch into bronchi. Alveolar ducts connect to alveolar sacs. Gas exchange between the lung and blood takes place in the alveolus.arrow_forwardWhy do some, if not most aquatic organisms, have supplemental respiratory organs as compared to strictterrestrial animals?arrow_forward
- Which of the following respiratory systems is notclosely associated with a blood supply?(A) the lungs of a vertebrate(B) the gills of a fish(C) the tracheal system of an insect(D) the skin of an earthwormarrow_forwardWhich of the following factors can affect the ability of a respiratory organ to exchange gases with the environment? A) The thickness of the membrane B) The surface area of the membrane C) The concentration gradient of the gases D) The amount of water on the membrane E) All choices are correct F) A, B, and C are correctarrow_forwardWrite 2 paragraphs about what Are there any parts of the human body that get oxygen directly from the air and not from the blood?arrow_forward
- Why is the position of lung tissues within the body an advantage for terrestrial animals?arrow_forwardThe alveoli and blood capillaries make up the gas exchange surface of the lungs, and as the arrows in the diagram (Figure 3) illustrate, this is where oxygen and carbon dioxide move in a particular direction. a) With reference to simple diffusion, explain why oxygen and carbon dioxide move in the directions illustrated by the arrows. b) The gas exchange surface is specifically adapted to maximise the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in these illustrated directions. Explain at least three of these adaptations.arrow_forwardwhich of the following processes causes most of the carbon dioxide from the blood to move into the alveoli? a. passive transport using a carrier proteins b. active transport using energy c. conversion to carbon dioxide d. diffusion down a concentration gradientarrow_forward
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