Chapter 4.8, Problem 4.4ARQ

Explanation of Solution

GNU:

The abbreviation for GNU is GNU’s Not Unix.

• It is a design which is used to create free Unix-like operating system but different from UNIX.
• The main aim of this design is to give freedom to all users to copy, modify, develop, design, and study the software.
• This goal was accomplished in the year of 1992 at the time of release of LINUX under the GNU General Public License.

GPL:

The abbreviation for GPL is General Public License.

• It uses free software license which is written by Richard Stallman.
• It helps the software to be used, modified, and restructured by anybody.

Three successful open source projects:

Open Office:

• The Open office which is similar to the Microsoft office can run on Linux operating system is one of the most popular open source projects and is also very useful in many organizations because it’s free and open source in nature.

Hadoop:

• Another successful open source project is Hadoop which is considered one of the latest programming tools for data scientists for dealing with big data; it means that the dataset is very large, which is not possible to handle using the traditional database management system.
• Hadoop is known as one of the big data tools and it is free and a successful open source project.

MySQL:

• MySQL is one of the most popular database servers and one of the successful open source projects that has been used in many websites including Wikipedia, Facebook etc.

Apache Spark:

• It can also be considered as one of the latest successful open source project that has distributed data processing capabilities for processing huge amount of data sets within a small period of time for dealing with big data.

Four reasons for programmers to contribute to open source projects:

• Improved coding skills can be achieved.
• The programmers will get more experience and can get chance to learn new things from other developers who are currently working in the project.
• Another reason for contributing to the open source software is freedom to make new things.
• Another reason for contributing to open source software is to increase the peer recognition and to enjoy while developing any software product based on some specific needs and requirements...