Cambell Biology 11e Vol1 For Utah Valley University Ch 1-25
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781323691519
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 48, Problem 48.4CR
Summary Introduction
To review: Why the drugs used in nervous system diseases are targeted against receptors rather than neurotransmitters.
Introduction:
Neurotransmitters or chemical messengers are the molecules that are available for the transmission of impulses from one neuron to another neuron, a muscle or a gland. It is released from the pre-synaptic cell and acts on the receptors that are present in the post-synaptic cell.
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Chapter 48 Solutions
Cambell Biology 11e Vol1 For Utah Valley University Ch 1-25
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.1 - Describe the basic pathway of information flow...Ch. 48.1 - WHAT IF? How might increased branching of an axon...Ch. 48.2 - Under what circumstances could ions flow through...Ch. 48.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose a cell's membrane potential...Ch. 48.2 - MAKE CONNECTiONS Review Figure 7.10, which...Ch. 48.3 - How do action potentials and graded potentials...Ch. 48.3 - In multiple sclerosis (from the Greek skleros,...Ch. 48.3 - How do both negative and positive feedback...Ch. 48.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose a mutation caused gated sodium...
Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.4 - Some pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the...Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 48 - How would severing an axon affect the flow of...Ch. 48 - Suppose you placed an isolated neuron in a...Ch. 48 - Prob. 48.3CRCh. 48 - Prob. 48.4CRCh. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Where are neurotransmitter receptors located? (A)...Ch. 48 - Why are action potentials usually conducted in one...Ch. 48 - Which of the following is the most direct result...Ch. 48 - Suppose a particular neurotransmitter causes an...Ch. 48 - WHAT IF? Ouabain, a plant substance used in some...Ch. 48 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 48 - DRAW IT Suppose a researcher inserts a pair of...Ch. 48 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION An action potential is an...Ch. 48 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 48 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Why are there multiple receptor subtypes for eachneurotransmitter? Why not a few receptors and lots ofneurotransmitters acting on each receptor?arrow_forwardName three families of drugs used to treat depression.arrow_forwardWhat evidence supports the use of psychedelic drugs as a medical therapy and conditions might such drugs be useful in treating? What are the potential use of generally non-addictive psychedelics as treatment for certain conditions vs highly addictive opioids for others?arrow_forward
- We talked about drug effects on neurons in sequence. The effect of alcohol is multi-faceted and the following question asks you to apply your knowledge. Imagine two neurons in sequence. The presynaptic neuron is GABAnergic and the postsynaptic neuron is dopaminergic. The effects of alcohol are not fully understood but it does seem to inhibit GABAnergic neurons. How would the release of dopamine from the postsynaptic neuron change in this case? Explain your answer, being sure to make each connection between concepts clear. If alcohol instead inhibited dopaminernergic neurons, in what way might the ion flow change in the dendrites of the postsynaptic neuron of this example?arrow_forward1. Location of the following receptors. 2. Functions of these receptors 3. Neurotransmitters that work with these receptors 4. Most common drugs working with these receptors a) Adrenergic receptor b) Muscarinic receptors c) Serotonergic receptors d) GABA receptors e) Benzodiazepine receptors f) Cholinergic receptors g) Dopaminergic receptors h) Nicotinic receptors i) Opioid Receptorsarrow_forwardIt is possible to treat addiction by prescribing drugs that block the effects of the psychoactive substance. These types of treatments are called: A) agonist treatments. B) aversive treatments. C) antidrug vaccines. D) antagonist treatments.arrow_forward
- What are neurotransmitters ? Why are they used ?arrow_forwardSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are drugs that can alleviate symptoms of depression by blocking the reuptake of serotonin (5-HT) from the synaptic cleft, thereby increasing the amount of time that 5-HT remains active. Elevated levels of 5-HT within the synapse are associated with feelings of well-being; conversely, low levels of 5-HT are correlated with depressive symptoms. Recent studies have shown that SSRIs can also mediate their antidepressant effects by increasing brain levels of certain cytokines, including interferon gamma (IFNY). IFNY directly induces the expression of the protein p11 in neighboring neurons, which then interacts with 5-HTR4, a 5-HT transmembrane receptor. Figures 1 and 2 provide information about this interaction. 5-HTR4 protein (% of WT) expression CAMP levels (% change control) from 120T 100+ 80+ 60+ 40+ 20+ 0 MEM TOT Figure 1 5-HTR4 protein expression in plasma membrane-enriched fraction (MEM) of hippocampal lysate and in total hippocampal…arrow_forwardWhat are the two main ways in which drugs can interact with neurotransmitter systems?arrow_forward
- Can drugs interact with several neurotransmitters at once, and how would they do so?arrow_forward1) A drug that binds at the same site as the neurotransmitter and prevents the neurotransmitter from opening ion channels would be termed a(n) a) direct antagonist b) direct agonist c) indirect agonist d) indirect antagonist 2) A drug that binds at a site different from that of the neurotransmitter and opens ion channels would be termed a(n) a) direct antagonist b) direct agonist c) indirect agonist d) indirect antagonistarrow_forwardWhile visiting the Center for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) in Toronto, you have the rare opportunity to observe a client with schizophrenia during a PET scan. The client is a chronic user of cannabis and was asked to use cannabis 15 minutes before the scan took place. What is likely to be observed from the PET scan? Question 59 options: a) Reduced activity in the globus pallidus b) Increased activity in the limbic system c) Increased glucose metabolism in frontal lobe d) Increased size of hippocampusarrow_forward
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