CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CUSTOM W/MASTERING
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781323764534
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 48.3, Problem 4CC
WHAT IF? → Suppose a mutation caused gated sodium Channels to remain inactivated longer after an action potential. How would this affect the frequency at which action potentials could be generated? Explain.
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WHAT IF? Ouabain, a plant substance used in some cultures topoison hunting arrows, disables the sodium-potassium pump.What change in the resting potential would you expect to seeif you treated a neuron with ouabain? Explain.
H8.
describe the steps of a Local Potential, what channels open? what happens to the membrane potential?
Consider the circuit from Q5 (above). We want to add another inhibitory neuron to this circuit to increase the likelihood that neuron D will have an action potential. With which cell (A, B, C or D) should our new inhibitory neuron make a synapse to make it more likely that the post - synaptic neuron will have anaction potential?The diagram below shows a simple neural circuit with three pre - synaptic cells labelled 'A', 'B' and 'C', and a post - synaptic cell labelled 'D ' (see image below). Assume neurons A and B each have outputs of +2 and neuron C has output of -1.
Chapter 48 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CUSTOM W/MASTERING
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.1 - Describe the basic pathway of information flow...Ch. 48.1 - WHAT IF? How might increased branching of an axon...Ch. 48.2 - Under what circumstances could ions flow through...Ch. 48.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose a cell's membrane potential...Ch. 48.2 - MAKE CONNECTiONS Review Figure 7.10, which...Ch. 48.3 - How do action potentials and graded potentials...Ch. 48.3 - In multiple sclerosis (from the Greek skleros,...Ch. 48.3 - How do both negative and positive feedback...Ch. 48.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose a mutation caused gated sodium...
Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.4 - Some pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the...Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 48 - How would severing an axon affect the flow of...Ch. 48 - Suppose you placed an isolated neuron in a...Ch. 48 - Prob. 48.3CRCh. 48 - Prob. 48.4CRCh. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Where are neurotransmitter receptors located? (A)...Ch. 48 - Why are action potentials usually conducted in one...Ch. 48 - Which of the following is the most direct result...Ch. 48 - Suppose a particular neurotransmitter causes an...Ch. 48 - WHAT IF? Ouabain, a plant substance used in some...Ch. 48 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 48 - DRAW IT Suppose a researcher inserts a pair of...Ch. 48 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION An action potential is an...Ch. 48 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 48 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYU
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/summation) to learn about summation. The process of converting electrical signals to chemical signals and back requires subtle changes that can result in transient increases or decreases in membrane voltage. To cause a lasting change in the target cell, multiple signals are usually added together, or summated. Does spatial summation have to happen all at once, or can the separate signals arrive on the postsynaptic neuron at slightly different times? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardPlease ASAP. Thanks Ion Extracellular Concentration (mM) Intracellular Concentration (mM) Na+ 440 50 K+ 20 400 Cl- 560 52 Ca++ 10 1 What is the effect of the addition of extracellular TTX and TEA on equilibrium potential? TTX blocks K channel, and TEA blocks Na Channels. No change in the equilibrium potentail. TTX blocks Na channel and TEA blocks K Channels. The equilibrium potentials become less positive TTX blocks Na channel and TEA blocks K Channels. The equilibrium potential becomes more positive for both TTX blocks Na channel and TEA blocks K Channels. No change in the equilibrium potentail. TTX and TEA blocks Na channel. No change in the equilibrium potentail.arrow_forwardPlease ASAP. Thank you Ion Extracellular Concentration (mM) Intracellular Concentration (mM) Na+ 440 50 K+ 20 400 Cl- 560 52 Ca++ 10 1 If the resting membrane potential is -65, give the direction of the flow of Na+, Ca++, K+, and Cl- ion? Na and Cl flows inside, K and Ca flows outside K and Ca flows inside, Na and Cl flows outside Na and K flows inside, Ca and Cl flows outside Na and Ca flows inside, K and Cl flows outsidearrow_forward
- Draw a typical action potential (correctly label axis) and explain in words the roles of ion channels in generating the different phases of the action potential. (Extra credit: How would opening voltage gated calcium channels upon depolarization affect the shape of the action potential if they have a relatively slow inactivation rate?)arrow_forwardPlease ASAP. Thank you If the resting membrane potential is -65, give the direction of the flow of Na+, Ca++, K+, and Cl- ion? Na and Cl flows inside, K and Ca flows outside K and Ca flows inside, Na and Cl flows outside Na and K flows inside, Ca and Cl flows outside Na and Ca flows inside, K and Cl flows outsidearrow_forward1. When a neuron is not generating an action potential, its membrane (the neurolemma) has a resting membrane potential. During rest, are gated Na+ and K+ channels (open? closed?)___________________________________.2. Only cells with “excitable membranes” can create action potentials. The two types of cells in the body that can do this are?___________________________________ and ___________________________________.3. Which event pushes a membrane further away from being able to generate another action potential: (hyperpolarization/depolarization /repolarization)?___________________________________.4. Short-lived, localized changes in polarity in the membrane of a neuron are called?___________________________________.5. During depolarization, which channels are open , Na+ or K+?___________________________________.arrow_forward
- Fill in the blank The all-or-none principle, associated with the action potential, states that once membrane potential reaches......... magnitude an action potential will be generated and will be the samearrow_forwardPlease ASAP. Thanku Which of the following is not true in ligand-gated ion channels? a. S4 segment moves in response to changes in membrane potential b. ligand binds to an agonist binding site c. conformational change occurs in subunits d. all of the above are truearrow_forwardWHAT IF? If all the Ca2+in the fluidsurrounding a neuron were removed,how would this affect the transmission ofinformation within and between neurons?arrow_forward
- Explain the following; If a drug partly blocks a membrane’s potassium channels, how does it affect the action potential? Suppose the threshold of a neuron were the same as the neuron’s resting potential. What would happen? At what frequency would the cell produce action potentials?arrow_forwardExperimenters injected bark scorpion venom into mouse neurons and measured how many action potentials were generated after the venom was introduced. Is it possible that the venom could be affecting the activity of a voltage-gated potassium channel? What effect could the venom have on a voltage-gated potassium channel to produce this result?arrow_forward- Which of the following describes the concentration of K+ and Na+ ions in and around a resting neuron?1- K+ and Na+ ion concentrations are both higher outside of the cell.2- K+ ion concentration is higher inside of the cell, Na+ ion concentration is higher outside of the cell.3- K+ ion concentration is higher outside of the cell, Na+ ion concentration is higher inside of the cell.4- K+ and Na+ ion concentrations are similar inside of and outside of the cell. - An action potential:1- is a large change in polarization.2- is an "all-or-nothing" response.3- will travel down the length of the axon4- all of the above - What prevents action potentials from traveling away from synaptic terminals?1- Inactivation of Na+ channels behind the zone of depolarization.2- Inactivation of K+ channels behind the zone of depolarization.3- An increased in graded potential along the length of the axon.4- All of the above - Which brain region is incorrectly paired with one of its functions?1- midbrain -…arrow_forward
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