CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CUSTOM W/MASTERING
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781323764534
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON C
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 48, Problem 6TYU
Suppose a particular neurotransmitter causes an IPSP in postsynaptic cell X and an EPSP in postsynaptic cell Y. A likely explanation is that
(A) the threshold value in the postsynaptic membrane is different for cell X and cell Y.
(B) the axon of cell X is myelinated, but that of cell Y is not.
(C) only cell Y produces an enzyme that terminates the activity of the neurotransmitter.
(D) cells X and Y express different receptor molecules for this particular neurotransmitter.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
If a postsynaptic cell has synapses from five different cells, and three cause EPSPs and two of them cause IPSPs, give an example of a series of depolarizations and hyperpolarizations that would result in the neuron reaching threshold.
. Suppose a particular neurotransmitter causes an IPSP inpostsynaptic cell X and an EPSP in postsynaptic cell Y. A likelyexplanation is that(A) the threshold value in the postsynaptic membraneis different for cell X and cell Y.(B) the axon of cell X is myelinated, but that of cell Y is not.(C) only cell Y produces an enzyme that terminates the activityof the neurotransmitter.(D) cells X and Y express different receptor molecules for thisparticular neurotransmitter.
Assume a neuron is at rest and the following changes happen:
Step 1: Neurotransmitter binds to an ionotropic excitatory neurotransmitter receptor causing an EPSP.
Step 2: With the neurotransmitter still bound either a NAM or non-competitive antagonist bind to the allosteric site of the receptor.
Answer the following questions that explains how the NAM and non-competitive antagonist would differ in their actions.
4.)
A. Going from step 1 to step 2 what would happen to the ionotropic receptor (ion channel) as a result of the NAM.
B. Going from step 1 to step 2 what would happen to the ionotropic receptor (ion channel) as a result of the non-competitive antagonist.
C. Going from step 1 to step 2 how would membrane potential change as a result of the NAM
D. Going from step 1 to step 2 how would the membrane potential change as a result of the non-competitive antagonist.
Chapter 48 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CUSTOM W/MASTERING
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.1 - Describe the basic pathway of information flow...Ch. 48.1 - WHAT IF? How might increased branching of an axon...Ch. 48.2 - Under what circumstances could ions flow through...Ch. 48.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose a cell's membrane potential...Ch. 48.2 - MAKE CONNECTiONS Review Figure 7.10, which...Ch. 48.3 - How do action potentials and graded potentials...Ch. 48.3 - In multiple sclerosis (from the Greek skleros,...Ch. 48.3 - How do both negative and positive feedback...Ch. 48.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose a mutation caused gated sodium...
Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.4 - Some pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the...Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 48 - How would severing an axon affect the flow of...Ch. 48 - Suppose you placed an isolated neuron in a...Ch. 48 - Prob. 48.3CRCh. 48 - Prob. 48.4CRCh. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Where are neurotransmitter receptors located? (A)...Ch. 48 - Why are action potentials usually conducted in one...Ch. 48 - Which of the following is the most direct result...Ch. 48 - Suppose a particular neurotransmitter causes an...Ch. 48 - WHAT IF? Ouabain, a plant substance used in some...Ch. 48 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 48 - DRAW IT Suppose a researcher inserts a pair of...Ch. 48 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION An action potential is an...Ch. 48 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 48 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYU
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- With respect to the three structural types of neurons (unipolar, bipolar & multipolar): State which parts of each type of neuron receive information, which parts integrate information, and which parts conduct the output signal of the neuron. Describe the location of the cell bodies of each type of neuron within the nervous system.arrow_forwardPhotoreceptor cells form glutamatergic synapses onto bipolar cells and when photoreceptor cells are depolarized the release of glutamate into the synapse is increased. One class of bipolar cells, (called OFF bipolar cells) have excitatory glutamate receptors in their post-synaptic specialization. What happens to the membrane potential of OFF bipolar cells when photoreceptors are illuminated?arrow_forwardwhich one of the following statements is incorrect? a. temporal summation occurs when a single synaptic input is activated twice in succession, with the second postsynaptic potential occurring before the first postsynaptic potential is over. b. blocking voltage-gated k* channels in the presynaptic membrane of a typical chemical synapse is likely to reduce the amount of neurotransmitter released in response to a single action potential in the presynaptic axon. c. in the optic tectum of the hunting rattlesnake, spatial summation is used to combine inputs from visual and thermoreceptive layers in order to make a decision whether to strike at a mouse-like object. d. a single type of neurotransmitter can have different postsynaptic actions depending on the type of receptor to which it binds.arrow_forward
- Some postsynaptic synapses are called silent synapses due to the lack of AMPA receptors. Why do those synapses not have a synaptic response at the resting membrane potential? Explain under what conditions you would still be able to detect a postsynaptic response from those silent synapses.arrow_forwardA loss-of-function mutation in the ion channel responsible for thegeneration of end-plate potentials results in a diminished permeabilityof the ion channel. 1) How would you experimentally test the effect of the mutation on thefunctional properties of the cell (synapse)? You should discuss the typesof postsynaptic responses and physiological parameters you couldmeasure.arrow_forwardWhen a postsynaptic neuron is adequately stimulated, action potentials develop at the initial segment of the axon because :-a- it contains many voltage-gated Na + channelsb- it contains the highest concentration of ligand-gated cation channelsc- it contains many voltage-gated Ca ++ channelsd- it is more sensitive to the direct stimulant effect of neurotransmittersarrow_forward
- Imagine you are studying the activity of neurons in a mouse that is awake and interacting with other mice. If you knew that an excitatory post-synaptic potential (EPSP) occurred, you _______ predict whether it would increase or decrease the likelihood of a particular behavior The neurons you are studying could be releasing ___________ because it is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain that generally depolarizes postsynaptic neurons. If you wanted to study what happens when neurons are unable to make this particular neurotransmitter you could use ___________, which is a method that prevents your gene of interest from being translated. Group of answer choices A) Could not; GABA; Electron microscopy B) Could; Glutamate; Anterograde tracing C) Could; GABA; Immunohistochemistry D) Could not; Glutamate; Antisense oligonucleotidesarrow_forwardYou observe that a neuron treated with a metabolic inhibitor which prevents ATP generation still can generate action potentials even when the cell has little ATP, but the neuron eventually loses the ability to generate action potentials. What does this tell you about the direct mechanism for regenerating the resting potential after an action potential?arrow_forwardExcitatory neurons A and B both synapse with neuron C. Neuron A releasesa neurotransmitter, and neuron B releases the same type and amount ofneurotransmitter plus a neuromodulator that produces EPSPs in neuron C.Action potentials produced in neuron A alone can result in action potentialproduction in neuron C. Action potentials produced in neuron B alone alsocan cause action potential production in neuron C. Which results in moreaction potentials in neuron C, stimulation by only neuron A or stimulationby only neuron B? Explain.arrow_forward
- Fluorescent FM dyes partition reversibly into biological membranes without penetrating through them. Suppose that you have neurons cultured in a dish. You incubate the neurons with an FM dye, and then you wash them with medium to remove the dye. You find that if the neurons are stimulated to trigger action potentials during incubation with the dye, the synaptic regions of the neurons remain fluorescent after the wash. Can you explain why this effect may have occurred? Also, after generating fluorescent synaptic regions by this procedure, suppose that you trigger additional action potentials while continuing to wash with medium. Would you expect the synaptic regions to lose fluorescence?arrow_forwardBecause the long axons of neurons look like electrical wires, and both neurons and electrical wires conduct electricity, it is tempting to equate the two. Compare and contrast the functioning of axons and electrical wires in terms of their structure and the nature of the electrical signals they conduct. Please include references.arrow_forwardImagine that scientists have just discovered a weird new marine tunicate at extreme depths of the ocean. They have a novel kind of neurotransmitter – maritonin – that binds to the “maritonin” receptor, which is permeable to negatively charged iodine ions (which are high concentration in seawater and in the extracellular fluid of this species). What do you predict would happen to the postsynaptic neuron when maritonin is released? Depolarization of the postsynaptic cell, increasing the chance of an action potential Hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic cell, decreasing the chance of an action potential Depolarization of the postsynaptic cell, decreasing the chance of an action potential Hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic cell, increasing the chance of an action potential In a central pattern generator, the pacemaker neural cells both have inhibitory inputs on each other. This is key for preventing opposing muscles from contracting at the same time (e.g., if your biceps and…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Nervous System - Get to know our nervous system a bit closer, how does it works? | Neurology; Author: FreeMedEducation;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6O-0CVAgaEM;License: Standard youtube license