Concept explainers
To explain: The reasons why it is important to maintain a constant blood glucose level.
Introduction: Glucose is required for cells to carry out their
To explain: The reason why it is important to have more than one hormone.
Introduction: The endocrine system is the chemical signaling system that uses blood vessels as information channels. The endocrine glands are ductless organs located within the organ systems and contain groups of endocrine cells that secrete their hormones directly into their surroundings.
To explain: The way in which hormones interact.
Introduction: The endocrine system is the chemical signaling system that uses blood vessels as information channels. The endocrine glands are ductless organs located within the organ systems and contain groups of endocrine cells that secrete their hormones directly into their surroundings.
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Chapter 49 Solutions
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- The ketogenic diet is now a trend for people who wants to lose weight. Your task is to come up with a report about this diet and assess its efficacy and implication to the health. Here are your guiding questions: 1) What are ketone bodies and ketogenesis? 2) What is a ketogenic diet? What makes it different from other kinds of diet? 3) What are the good and bad effects of this diet? 4)In your personal opinion, is it safe to continue this diet for a long period of time?arrow_forwardThe body doesn’t have a reserve of proteins or amino acids for energy production. Which class of protein may be used initially during fasting to maintain glucose and energy levels? What is the difference between a glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid and why are both important during fasting?arrow_forwardWhy is gluconeogenesis necessary?arrow_forward
- Avidin, a protein found in egg whites, binds to biotin so strongly that it inhibits enzymes that require biotin. What is the effect of avidin on glycogen formation? On gluconeogenesis? On the pentose phosphate pathway?arrow_forwardZwellweger syndrome is caused by a defect in enzyme importation into the peroxisomes. What disease of carbohydrate metabolism is caused by inappropriate cellular distribution of enzymes?arrow_forwardWhy does the lack of glucose 6-phosphatase activity in the brain and muscle make good physiological sense? Glucose 6-phosphatase allows cells to trap glucose in the cell; however, these tissues primarily rely on noncarbohydrate energy sources. Glucose 6-phosphatase allows cells to generate glucose through gluconeogenesis; however, gluconeogenesis only takes place in the liver. Glucose 6-phosphatase allows cells to release glucose into the blood; however, these tissues should never release glucose. Glucose 6-phosphatase provides glucose 6-phosphate for glycogen synthesis; however, these tissues do not need glycogen.arrow_forward
- How do the pathways for the synthesis and breakdown of glycogen differ in liver and muscle? How does this relate to the function of stored glycogen in the two tissues?arrow_forwardAndrea was in danger of developing metabolic syndrome. She went on a diet and checked her urine for ketone bodies to see if she was breaking down fat.What are the symptoms and dangers of metabolic syndrome?What are ketone bodies, and how are they produced?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHNS)?arrow_forward
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning