Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 49, Problem 1COQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The mechanisms by which soluble wastes are removed from the body fluids of animals.
Introduction: Waste materials such as excess
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Define nitrogenous wastes, and list the main types produced in animals.What are some advantages and disadvantages of excreting differenttypes of nitrogenous wastes?
Compared to those of birds and lizards, the kidneys of mammals ______.
can produce urine with a higher osmolarity
cannot concentrate the urine as much
"have about the same ability to concentrate the urine, but are more efficient in producing uric acid"
Many types of fishes live in freshwater. Generally, water moves by osmosis from the surrounding fresh water into the fish's body. This observation helps to explain which feature of the excretory systems of freshwater fishes?
a. They tend to produce dilute, watery urine.
b. They tend to produce concentrated, dark urine.
c. They do not produce urine, but instead conserve or re-use nitrogenous wastes.
d. They may produce either dilute or concentrated urine, depending on the activity of the fish.
Chapter 49 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 49.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 49.2 - Core Skill: Connections In what other organ is a...Ch. 49.2 - Prob. 2CSCh. 49.2 - Prob. 3CSCh. 49.3 - Prob. 1CSCh. 49 - Prob. 1TYCh. 49 - Prob. 2TYCh. 49 - Prob. 3TYCh. 49 - Prob. 4TYCh. 49 - Prob. 5TY
Ch. 49 - Prob. 6TYCh. 49 - Prob. 7TYCh. 49 - Prob. 8TYCh. 49 - Prob. 9TYCh. 49 - Prob. 10TYCh. 49 - Define nitrogenous waste, and list the main types...Ch. 49 - List and describe the three processes involved in...Ch. 49 - Prob. 3CQCh. 49 - Prob. 1COQCh. 49 - Briefly discuss the parts and functions of the...
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- The mammalian kidney contains an immense network of nephrons that functions to conserve water by producing urine that is hyperosmotic compared to other body fluids. Describe in detail how the transport epithelia of the nephron and collecting duct are able to use transport mechanisms to process the filtrate as it moves through the vessels and produce a hyperosmotic filtrate.arrow_forwardExplain how insects are capable of secreting concentrated urine without depending on high blood pressure filtration.arrow_forwardthe process that initiates urine formation in most types of vertebrates is ultrafiltration of fluid from the blood plasma into kidney tubules under the force of blood pressure. What properties of the blood plasma in the urine-forming structures of the kidney are likely to affect the rate of ultrafiltration into the kidney tubules? Why is failure of urine production a potential side effect of heart disease?arrow_forward
- In the aquatic world, osmoregulation is very important. Please describe what would happen at the cellular level as well as organismal level to a freshwater fish that is placed in salt water.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following is extremely important for water conservation in mammals? juxtamedullary nephrons podocytes Bowman's capsule urethra ureterarrow_forwardCompare and contrast the ways that metabolic wasteproducts enter the excretory systems of flatworms,earthworms, and insects.arrow_forward
- In general terms, explain the role in insects of the malpighian tubules and rectum in conserving water, ions, and amino acids and removing nitrogen waste.arrow_forwardTrace the flow of urine from its formation to its excretion from a cat. Use number 1 as the point of originarrow_forwardPlease define/describe the following 3 renal functions in mammals: filtration, reabsorption and secretion. Describe at least one location in the nephron where each of these functions takes place. How does each of these functions contribute to homeostasis of the organism?arrow_forward
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