(a)
Interpretation:
The period in which sulphur is located in periodic table has to be located.
Concept Introduction:
Period: Horizontal rows in periodic table are called periods. In periodic table, seven periods are present, with each one beginning at the far left.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
A modern periodic table is given by
Figure 1
Sulphur belongs to p-block element of periodic table. The outermost electrons present in third shell of the atom. Therefore, sulphur belongs to third period.
(b)
Interpretation:
The complete electron configuration of sulphur has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
Electron configuration: The complete description of the atomic orbitals occupied by all the electrons in an atom or monoatomic ion is known as its electron configuration.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
Sulphur belongs to p-block element of periodic table. It has
(c)
Interpretation:
The atom of an element involved in given reaction has smallest first ionization energy and smallest radius has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Electron configuration: The complete description of the atomic orbitals occupied by all the electrons in an atom or monoatomic ion is known as its electron configuration.
Atomic radius: It is defined as distance between nucleus of atom and electron present in outermost valence shell of the atom.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
Given,
The smallest first ionization energy of the three atoms is S, and the smallest radius is O atom. According to periodic trends, elements present in far right of periodic table have highest ionization energy and smallest radius.
(d)
Interpretation:
The mass of chlorine needed to form
(d)
Explanation of Solution
Given,
The mass of chlorine needed is
(e)
Interpretation:
The theoretical mass of thionyl chloride has to be calculated.
(e)
Explanation of Solution
Given,
The mass of thionyl chloride formed is
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
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