Macroeconomics (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393603767
Author: Charles I. Jones
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Question
Chapter 5, Problem 12E
(a)
To determine
The Solow diagram in the economy.
(b)
To determine
The evolution of the economy over time in the Solow model.
(c)
To determine
The growth rate of per capita
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Consider the Solow model. Draw the paths over time for the log of y, c and k for an economy that starts below its balanced-growth path.
Consider the basic Solow model with no population growth and no technological progress and a production function of the form F (K, H ), where H denotes the efficiency units of labor (human capital) given by where N is the set of all individuals in the population, and hi is the human capital of individual i. Assume that H is fixed. Suppose there are no human capital externalities and factor markets are competitive. (a) Calculate the steady-state equilibrium of this economy. (b) Prove that if 10% higher h at the individual level is associated with a% higher earnings, then a 10% increase in the country’s stock of human capital H will lead to a% increase in steadystate output. Compare this result to the immediate impact of an unanticipated 10% increase in H (i.e., consider the impact of a 10% increase in H with the stock of capital unchanged).
Which of the following is an incorrect statement about the variable ‘s’ in the Solow Growth Model?
a.s is the fraction of income that is saved
b.s is an exogenous factor
c.s is referred to as saving per worker
d.s determines how income is allocated between consumption and investment
Chapter 5 Solutions
Macroeconomics (Fourth Edition)
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- Consider the following Solow growth model in which households save a constant fraction of their income. Let N be the population (also the labor force) in the current period. Assume that the population follows N′ = (1+n)N where N′ is the population in the future period, and n is the net population growth rate. Assume that the output is produced according to the production function Y = zF(K, N), where z is the total factor productivity, K is capital stock, and F(K, N) exhibits constant returns to scale. Capital depreciates at the rate d where 0 < d < 1. The capital stock changes over time according to K′ = (1 − d)K + I where I is the investment level. (a) Derive the equation that determines the future capital-per-worker in competitive equilibrium. Here is some additional information for parts (5b), (5c), and (5d). Suppose that the economy is initially in steady state, and experiences a natural disaster (e.g. the recent quake and tsunami in Japan in 2011) that destroys some of the…arrow_forwardB. The rate of technological progress rises. 2. Describe how, if at all, each of the following developments affects the break-even and actual investment lines in our basic diagram for the Solow model: a. The rate of population growth falls. B. The rate of technological progress rises. C. The production function is Cobb-Douglas, F(K,AL) = K" (AL)1-" , and capital"s share, ", rises. D. Workers exert more effort, so that output per unit of effective labor for a given value of capital per unit of effective labor is higher than before.arrow_forwardIdentify two assumptions of the basic Solow Growth Model. b. Why are these assumptions important in supporting the Solow Model? c. You are given the following information about an economy.Y = C + IY = F(K, L) The aggregate production function for this economy exhibits constant returns to scale and the marginal products of labor and capital are both subject to diminishing returns.s = saving rate (assume this is constant) per yearδ= depreciation rate (assume this is a constant) per yeary = Y/Lk = K/Lk* = steady state of capital per worker (K/L) and sf(k) < δk.i. What is sf(k)? ii. What is δk? iii. Interpret the meaning of sf(k) < δk? iv. Graphically illustrate sf(k), δk, and k*. Indicate on your graph where sf(k) < δk. v. Explain what happens in this economy when sf(k) < δk.arrow_forward
- Suppose the Solow model describes an economy. The population grows at a 0.5% rate, and its labour efficiency grows at a 1% rate. Thus, in the steady state, capital per worker grows at a ____ rate. a. 1.5% b. 0% c. 0.5% d. 1%arrow_forwardConsider the Solow model. Using suitable diagrams, compare the different dynamics for the levels and growth rates of capital per capita and output per capita following: (a) a new wave of immigration, (b) an increase in the saving rate, (c) a one-shot foreign investment which increase the size of the available stock of capital, (d) an important technological advance.arrow_forwardThe Solow model without exogenous productivity growth predicts that rich countries with more capital will grow faster than poor countries with less capital, assuming other economic conditions are equal. Is this statement true or false? Explain.arrow_forward
- Explain the central paradox at the heart of the Solow model, with constant and exogenous technologies. Given this paradox, why is the Solow model still relevant?arrow_forwardConsider the Solow model extended with human capital. Suppose the production function is Cobb Douglas. Find the levels of physical and human capital in the steady state. Describe the joint dynamics of the two forms of capital if the economy is not at the steady state.arrow_forwardExplain the Solow Model when there is an improvement of technologyarrow_forward
- Consider the endogenous growth model AK, in which the production function is given by Y = AK. Suppose s denotes the saving rate; that δ represents the depreciation rate; and that the variable that represents the population and that grows at the rate n. Calculate the growth rate of capital per capita in the same way as for the Solow model and, from there, solve the differential equation to obtain the capital per capita (denoted by k) as a function of time.arrow_forwardIn the general Solow model there is no (zero) growth in GDP per worker in steady state. True or Falsearrow_forwardSuppose that we modify the Solow growth model by allowing long-run technological progress. That is, suppose that z = 1 for convenience and that there is labor-augmenting technological progress, with a production function Y =F(K,bN) where b denotes the number of units of "human capital" per worker, and bN is "efficiency units" of labor. Letting b' denote future human capital per worker, assume that b' = (1 + f ) b, where f is the growth rate in human capital. (c) In the real world, we usually consider education level as a proxy to human capital. To examine the theory, what suggestions can you make to growth economists? What are factors other than education can you think of that contribute to human capital?arrow_forward
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