A 500-mL bottle of water at room temperature and a 2-L bottle of water at the same temperature were placed in a refrigerator. After 30 minutes, the 500-mL bottle of water had cooled to the temperature of the refrigerator. An hour later, the 2-L of water had cooled to the same temperature. When asked which sample of water lost the most heat, one student replied that both bottles lost the same amount of heat because they started at the same temperature and finished at the same temperature. A second student thought that the 2-L bottle of water lost more heat because there was more water. A third student believed that the 500-mL bottle of water lost more heat because it cooled more quickly. A fourth student thought that it was not possible to tell because we do not know the initial temperature and the final temperature of the water. Indicate which of these answers is correct and describe the error in each of the other answers.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 5 Solutions
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
College Physics
Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
Inorganic Chemistry
CHEMISTRY-TEXT
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Essential Organic Chemistry (3rd Edition)
- You have two samples of different metals, metal A and metal B, each having the same mass. You heat both metals to 95C and then place each one into separate beakers containing the same quantity of water at 25C. a You measure the temperatures of the water in the two beakers when each metal has cooled by 10C and find that the temperature of the water with metal A is higher than the temperature of the water with metal B. Which metal has the greater specific heat? Explain. b After waiting a period of time, the temperature of the water in each beaker rises to a maximum value. In which beaker does the water temperature rise to the higher value, the one with metal A or the one with metal B? Explain.arrow_forwardA block of aluminum and a block of iron, both having the same mass, are removed from a freezer and placed outside on a warm day. When the same quantity of heat has flowed into each block, which block will be warmer? Assume that neither block has yet reached the outside temperature. (See Table 6.1 for the specific heats of the metals.)arrow_forwardThe BTU (British thermal unit) is the unit of energy most commonly used in the United States. One joule=9.48104 BTU. What is the specific heat of water in BTU/lbF? (Specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g C.)arrow_forward
- Which of the following is an endothermic process? combustion of gasoline in a car engine i>sublimation of carbon dioxide: water condensing on a cold pipe freezing juice to make popsiclesarrow_forwardHow many joules of heat are lost by 3580 kg of granite asit cools from 41.2°C to -12.9°C? The specific heat ofgranite is 0.803J/(gC) .arrow_forwardFor each of the following, define a system and its surroundings, and give the direction of energy transfer between system and surroundings. (a) Methane burns in a gas furnace in your home. (b) Water drops, sitting on your skin after a swim, evaporate. (c) Water, at 25 C, is placed in the freezing compartment of a refrigerator, where it cools and eventually solidifies. (d) Aluminum and Fe2O3(s) are mixed in a flask sitting on a laboratory bench. A reaction occurs, and a large quantity of energy is evolved as heat.arrow_forward
- A piece of iron was heated to 95.4C and dropped into a constant-pressure calorimeter containing 284 g of water at 32.2C. The final temperature of the water and iron was 51.9C. Assuming that the calorimeter itself absorbs a negligible amount of heat, what was the mass (in grams) of the piece of iron? The specific heat of iron is 0.449 J/(gC), and the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/(gC).arrow_forward9.33 Copper wires used to transport electrical current heat up because of the resistance of the wire. If a 140-g wire gains 280 J of heat, what is the change in temperature in the wire? Copper has a specific heat of 0.384Jg1C1 .arrow_forwardDuring a recent winter month in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, it was necessary to obtain 3500 kWh of heat provided by a natural gas furnace with 89% efficiency to keep a small house warm (the efficiency of a gas furnace is the percent of the heat produced by combustion that is transferred into the house). (a) Assume that natural gas is pure methane and determine the volume of natural gas in cubic feet that was required to heat the house. The average temperature of the natural gas was 56 F; at this temperature and a pressure of 1 atm, natural gas has a density of 0.68 1 g/L. (b) How many gallons of LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) would be required to replace the natural gas used? Assume the LPG is liquid propane [ C3H8 : density, 0.5318 g/mL; enthalpy of combustion, 2219 Id/mo for the formation of CO2(g) and H2O(l) ] and the furnace used to burn the LPG has the same efficiency as the gas furnace. (c) What mass of carbon dioxide is produced by combustion of the methane used to heat the house? (d) What mass of water is produced by combustion of the methane used to heat the house? (e) What volume of air is required to provide the oxygen for the combustion of the methane used to heat the house? Air contains 23% oxygen by mass. The average density of air during the month was 1.22 g/L. (f) How many kilowatt—hours ( 1kWh=3.6106 J) of electricity would be required to provide the heat necessary to heat the house? Note electricity is 100% efficient in producing heat inside a house. (g) Although electricity is 100% efficient in producing heat inside a house, production and distribution of electricity is not 100% efficient. The efficiency of production and distribution of electricity produced in a coal-fired power plant is about 40%. A certain type of coal provides 2.26 kWh per pound upon combustion. What mass of this coal in kilograms will be required to produce the electrical energy necessary to heat the house if the efficiency of generation and distribution is 40%?arrow_forward
- Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Living By Chemistry: First Edition TextbookChemistryISBN:9781559539418Author:Angelica StacyPublisher:MAC HIGHERChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning