The aspirin substitute, acetaminophen (C 8 H 9 O 2 N), is produced by the following three-step synthesis: I . C 6 H 5 O 3 ( s ) + 3 H 2 ( g ) + HCl ( a q ) → C 6 H 8 ONCl ( s ) + 2 H 2 O ( l ) II . C 6 H 8 ONCl ( s ) + NaOH ( a q ) → C 6 H 7 ON ( s ) + H 2 O ( l ) + Nacl ( a q ) III . C 6 H 7 ON ( s ) + C 4 H 6 O 3 ( l ) → C 8 H 9 O 2 N ( s ) + HC 2 H 3 O 2 ( l ) The first two reactions have percent yields of 87% and 98% by mass, respectively. The overall reaction yields 3 moles of acetaminophen product for every 4 moles of C 6 H 5 O 3 N reacted. a. What is the percent yield by mass for the overall process? b. What is the percent yield by mass of Step III?

Q: Expert Answer

(a) Interpretation Introduction Interpretation: The percentage composition of first two reactions for the production of acetaminophen C 8 H 9 O 2 N is given. The percent yield (by mass) of overall process and percent yield (by mass) of third step reaction are to be calculated. Concept introduction: The percent yield is the percentage ratio of actual mass of product and expected mass of the product. To determine : The percent yield (by mass) of overall process for the production of acetaminophen. Explanation The actual overall reaction yields three moles of acetaminophen product for every four moles of C 6 H 5 O 3 N reacted. But from theoretical point of view, one mole of C 6 H 5 O 3 N should give one mole of product. Hence, four moles of product should be get for every four moles of reactant reacted in first reaction. Formula The mass of compound is calculated by using the formula, Number of moles = Mass of compound Molar mass Mass of compound =Number of moles × Molar mass (1) Substitute the values of number of moles and molar mass of C 6 H 5 O 3 N for overall reaction in equation (1). Mass of C 6 H 5 O 3 N =Number of moles × Molar mass =4 mol × 139 .11 g/mol =556 .4 g Substitute the theoretical value of number of moles and molar mass of C 8 H 9 O 2 N in equation (1). Mass of C 8 H 9 O 2 N =Number of moles × Molar mass =4 mol × 151 (b) Interpretation Introduction Interpretation: The percentage composition of first two reactions for the production of acetaminophen C 8 H 9 O 2 N is given. The percent yield (by mass) of overall process and percent yield (by mass) of third step reaction are to be calculated. Concept introduction: The percent yield is the percentage ratio of actual mass of product and expected mass of the product. To determine : The percent yield (by mass) of third step reaction for the production of acetaminophen.

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Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

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Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other

Publisher: Cengage Learning

ISBN: 9781305079243

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Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

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Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other

Publisher: Cengage Learning

ISBN: 9781305079243

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Answer 5

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The percentage composition of first two reactions for the production of acetaminophen C8H9O2N is given. The percent yield (by mass) of overall process and percent yield (by mass) of third step reaction are to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The percent yield is the percentage ratio of actual mass of product and expected mass of the product.

To determine: The percent yield (by mass) of overall process for the production of acetaminophen.

Explanation of Solution

The actual overall reaction yields three moles of acetaminophen product for every four moles of C6H5O3N reacted. But from theoretical point of view, one mole of C6H5O3N should give one mole of product. Hence, four moles of product should be get for every four moles of reactant reacted in first reaction.

Formula

The mass of compound is calculated by using the formula,

Number of moles = Mass of compoundMolar massMass of compound =Number of moles×Molar mass (1)

Substitute the values of number of moles and molar mass of C6H5O3N for overall reaction in equation (1).

Mass of C6H5O3N =Number of moles×Molar mass =4 mol×139.11 g/mol =556.4 g

Substitute the theoretical value of number of moles and molar mass of C8H9O2N in equation (1).

Mass of C8H9O2N =Number of moles×Molar mass =4 mol×151

Answer 6

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The percentage composition of first two reactions for the production of acetaminophen C8H9O2N is given. The percent yield (by mass) of overall process and percent yield (by mass) of third step reaction are to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The percent yield is the percentage ratio of actual mass of product and expected mass of the product.

To determine: The percent yield (by mass) of third step reaction for the production of acetaminophen.

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