Chapter 5, Problem 38E

Predict the valence electron molecular orbital configurations for the following, and state whether they will be stable or unstable ions.

(a) ${\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{2+}}$

(b) ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{2+}}$

(c) ${\text{Mg}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{2+}}$

(d) ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{2+}}$

(e) ${\text{Si}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{2+}}$

(f) ${\text{P}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{2+}}$

(g) ${\text{S}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{2+}}$

(h) ${\text{Ar}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{2+}}$