Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The molar mass of each liquid in all the samples at
Concept introduction:
The ideal gas equation can be expressed as follows:
Here,
The expression to calculate the moles of gas is as follows:
(b)
Interpretation:
From the mass percent of boron in each sample, the molecular formula for each sample is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The formula to find an amount(mol) is:
An empirical formula gives the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound. The molecular formula tells the exact number of atoms of each element present in a compound.
Following are the steps to determine the molecular formula of a compound.
Step 1: Add the molar mass of each element multiplied by its number of atoms present in the empirical formula to obtain the empirical formula mass for the compound.
Step 2: Divide the molar mass of the compound by its empirical formula mass to obtain the whole number. The formula to calculate the whole number multiple is as follows:
Step 3: Multiply the whole number with the subscript of each element present in the empirical formula. This gives the molecular formula of the compound.
(c)
Interpretation:
The molecular formula of sample IV that contains
Concept introduction:
Effusion is explained as the movement of the gas molecule through a pinhole.
Diffusion can be explained as the mixing of one gas molecule with another gas molecule by random motion.
According to Graham’s law of effusion, the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.
The mathematical expression of Graham’s law of effusion is as follows:
Here,
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