Campbell Biology & Alkaline Vents Supplemental Materials for Campbell Biology & Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Campbell Biology Package
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780133984293
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 51, Problem 2TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Altruism is an unselfish behavior that increases the fitness of other animals on the cost of fitness of the altruist. In other words, it is a behavior in which an animal helps other animals without getting any benefits. It can be seen in many animals such as honey bees, ground squirrels, mole rats and others.
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Q1:Communication occurs when
A)
the stimulus-response reaction is altered.
B)
information flows in both directions.
C)
information is shared.
D)
an action by one individual alters the behavior of another.
Q2. Bateman's principle states that,
A)
heritability of male traits is higher than for female traits.
females experience greater variation in reproductive
success than males.
male and female reproductive success must be equal.
males experience greater variation in reproductive success
than females
Evolutionary biology
What are 4 conditions in which natural selection favors altruistic behaviors in which the individual performs costly actions to benefit others?
Which of the following is true of innate behaviors that are described as instincts? A. Instincts aren’t governed by genetics, while innate behaviors are, B. Instincts are governed by genetics, while innate behaviors are not, C. Instincts are sudden, situational behaviors, D. Instincts are complex series of innate behaviors
Chapter 51 Solutions
Campbell Biology & Alkaline Vents Supplemental Materials for Campbell Biology & Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Campbell Biology Package
Ch. 51.1 - If an egg rolls out of the nest, a mother greylag...Ch. 51.1 - WHAT IF? Suppose you exposed various fish species...Ch. 51.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How is the lunar-linked rhythm...Ch. 51.2 - How might associative learning explain why...Ch. 51.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 51.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 51.3 - Why does the mode of fertilization correlate with...Ch. 51.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Balancing selection can maintain...Ch. 51.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose an infection in a common...Ch. 51.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 51.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 51.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 51 - How is migration based on circannual rhythms...Ch. 51 - Prob. 51.2CRCh. 51 - In some spider species, the female eats the male...Ch. 51 - Prob. 51.4CRCh. 51 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 51 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 51 - Female spotted sandpipers aggressively court males...Ch. 51 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 51 - Although many chimpanzees live in environments...Ch. 51 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 51 - Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation 7. DRAW IT You are...Ch. 51 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behavior...Ch. 51 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 51 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Researchers are...Ch. 51 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INFORMATION Learning is...Ch. 51 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Acorn woodpeckers...
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- You are wandering in the Amazon rainforest, when you hear the loud call of an animal. You walk in the direction of the sound, and discover that it is coming from an adorable species of frog. a) What type of adaptation is being displayed by this species of frog? b) Describe how selection could work FOR and AGAINST this adaptation.arrow_forwardCooperative behaviour is widely found among animals. Provide the following: 1) an example of cooperative behaviour between genetically related individuals 2) an example of cooperative behaviour between unrelated individuals. For each of the examples, also describe the mechanism(s) involved in maintaining cooperative behaviours during their interactions.arrow_forwardIdentify whether each of the following scenarios is an example of intersexual or intrasexual selection (. a) Male bison fight each other for access to females L Select ] b) Female Birds of Paradise visit many different males to decide which male has the best dance [ Select ] c) Female jacanas defend their mates from other females [Select ] d) Male seahorses prefer to mate with larger females [ Select ] e) Female cicadas prefer males who provide the largest spermatophores [ Select ]arrow_forward
- Identify if the behavior is innate or learned. a) A baby baboon can recognize a dominance display from another baboon without ever meeting a baboon b) Visual cliff response (fear of heights) c) Ducklings imprinting on the first animal they seearrow_forwardIntrasexual selection involves competition among one sex (typically males) for mating access to the other sex. Intersexual selection involves mate choice in which individuals from one sex (typically females) choose their mates from among individuals of the other sex. Imagine a group of males that is engaged in agonistic behavior, from which Male A emerges triumphant. Now imagine a female that is assessing all of the males that were involved in the fights, and chooses Male A. Explain why this situation shows how intrasexual and intersexual selection pressures are likely both at play in the trait selection.arrow_forwardWhich of the following examples describe an adaptive trait? (Select all that apply.) (a) A rainforest tree that is vulnerable to storm damage. (b) A male bird that is more successful than others at attracting a female mate. (c) A rabbit that is better camouflaged in its environment. (d) A desert plant that is able to survive drought. (e) A frog that is more noticeable to predators.arrow_forward
- Using the concept of inclusive fitness (and kin selection), explain how altruistic behavior (e.g. where an individual protects for another, even at their own expense) can evolve by natural selection? Make sure to explain what inclusive fitness is. (remember the concentric circles on the slide)arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best describes findings from the study of siblings and the effects of birth order? A Robust effects have not been found for sibling differences based solely on birth order. Research indicates that intelligence becomes diluted with more children in the family. C) Undeniable data reveal that available resources account for different child outcomes. D Evolutionary pressures to survive account for similarity in firstborns and later-borns.arrow_forwardEarlier explanations of altruistic behavior as a form of group selec-tion have been supplanted by Hamilton’s hypothesis of kin selection. What distinguishes kin selection and how does it accord with the no-tion of inclusive fitness, the relative number of an individual’s alleles that pass to the next generation?arrow_forward
- Assume you are studying a species of slug where the eggs are fertilized and transferred to the male. As a result the male is not able to increase reproductive success by mating with multiple partners. Therefore which of the following about sexual selection in this species is not true? Females are more likely to develop traits that signal genetic quality to males. Females will be able to increase reproductive success with increased mating partners. Sexual selection in males will lead them to be choosy with what females they mate with. Sexual selection in males will lead them to mate indiscriminately when they find a female.arrow_forwardDoes blood type determine your personality? In a study aimed at answering this question, a random sample of 100 adults was given a personality test, and a comparison was made between the scores on the introversion/extroversion scale and blood type (A, B, AB, О). (a) Is this an experiment, a retrospective observational study, or a prospective observational study? (b) Comment on the extent to which inferences can be drawn about a larger population and whether cause and effect can be established.arrow_forwardNorthern flickers are woodpeckers of the eastern United States. Males, but not females, have black feathers that resemble a moustache extending from the bill along each side of the head. Aggression between males is common, but male and female members of breeding pairs are not aggressive toward one another. However, when scientists painted a moustache on female members of breeding pairs, their mates attacked them. This suggests that a.) the moustache is a releaser for aggression. b.) aggression is a learned behavior. c.) the moustache is a neutral stimulus. d.) aggression is a conditioned reflex. e.) the moustache is a conditioned stimulus.arrow_forward
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