Concept explainers
Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation
7. DRAW IT You are considering two optimal foraging models for the behavior of a mussel-feeding shorebird, the oystercatcher. In model A, the energetic reward increases solely with mussel size in model B, you take into consideration that larger mussels are more difficult to open. Draw a graph of reward (energy benefit on a scale of 0–10) versus mussel length (scale of 0–70 mm) for each model. Assume that mussels under 10 mm provide no benefit and are ignored by the birds. Also assume that mussels star becoming difficult to open when they reach 40 mm in length and impossible to open when 70 mm long. Considering the graphs you have drawn, indicate what observations and measurements you would want to make in this shorebird's habitat to help determine which model is more accurate.
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- Animals have evolved a range of strategies to successfully respond to threats and challenges. One of these strategies is the ability to learn. As we discussed, not every animal can learn and there are clear costs and benefits to this strategy. Suggest one benefit of the ability to learn and one potential cost. Briefly explain each. (1-2 sentences for each) Since learning is not universal, under which circumstances would it be most likely be a successful strategy? We discussed a framework that examines the influence of predictability on the success of learning ability. Describe this framework. Make sure you discuss all the available conditions and clearly state under which we would expect learning to be successful and where we would not expect it to be successful. What would be an alternative strategy to regulate behaviour when learning is not suitable? Briefly explain your choice. (2-3 sentences)arrow_forward12arrow_forwardIf you adjust each of the four constants, one at a time, by 10%, which seems to have the greatest impact on the simulation output? Examine the Lotka-Volterra equations to explain by this constant makes such a big difference in the predator-prey system. Hint: This constant affects both the birth rate of predators and the death rate of prey.arrow_forward
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