BIOL 308: BIOL-MSTBIO NEW DSGN ACCESS
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781323838877
Author: Campbell
Publisher: Pearson Custom Publishing
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Chapter 51, Problem 8TYU
EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behavior in terms of subjective feelings, motives, or reasons, but evolutionary explanations are based on reproductive fitness. Discuss the relationship between the two kinds of explanation. For instance, is an explanation for behavior such as “falling in love” incompatible with an evolutionary explanation?
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Evolution connection we often explain our behavior in terms of subjective feelings, motives, or reasons, but evolutionary explanations are based on reproductive fitness. what is the relationship between the two kinds of explanation? for instance, is a human explanation for behavior, such as “falling in love,” incompatible with an evolutionary explanation?
EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behaviorin terms of subjective feelings, motives, or reasons, butevolutionary explanations are based on reproductive fitness.Discuss the relationship between the two kinds of explanation.For instance, is an explanation for behavior such as “falling inlove” incompatible with an evolutionary explanation?
Evolutionary biology
What are 4 conditions in which natural selection favors altruistic behaviors in which the individual performs costly actions to benefit others?
Chapter 51 Solutions
BIOL 308: BIOL-MSTBIO NEW DSGN ACCESS
Ch. 51.1 - If an egg rolls out of the nest, a mother greylag...Ch. 51.1 - WHAT IF? Suppose you exposed various fish species...Ch. 51.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How is the lunar-linked rhythm...Ch. 51.2 - How might associative learning explain why...Ch. 51.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 51.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 51.3 - Why does the mode of fertilization correlate with...Ch. 51.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Balancing selection can maintain...Ch. 51.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose an infection in a common...Ch. 51.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 51.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 51.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 51 - How is migration based on circannual rhythms...Ch. 51 - Prob. 51.2CRCh. 51 - In some spider species, the female eats the male...Ch. 51 - Prob. 51.4CRCh. 51 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 51 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 51 - Female spotted sandpipers aggressively court males...Ch. 51 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 51 - Although many chimpanzees live in environments...Ch. 51 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 51 - Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation 7. DRAW IT You are...Ch. 51 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION We often explain our behavior...Ch. 51 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Scientists studying scrub jays...Ch. 51 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Researchers are...Ch. 51 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INFORMATION Learning is...Ch. 51 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Acorn woodpeckers...
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- why altruistic behavior represents and evolutionary paradox. What is the primary hypothesis for the mechanism that led to the evolution of alarm calling?arrow_forwardZebras live in large herds. When attacked by a predator, such as a lion, some individual zebras will engage in combat with the lion, rather than trying to escape. This behavior increases the risk of injury and death to the zebra. Why might this type of behavior evolve if it is so clearly a disadvantage to the individualarrow_forwardExplain alarm calling in prairie dogs and ground squirrels. what are some data that indicatewhether alarm calling is selfish or altruistic behavior.? why altruistic behavior represents and evolutionary paradox. What is the primary hypothesis for themechanism that led to the evolution of alarm calling?arrow_forward
- The idea that behavior must be either innate or learned has been called a “nature versus nurture” controversy. What reasons are there for believing that such a strict dichotomy does not exist?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning the evolution of behavior is correct? A. Natural selection will favor behavior that enhances survival and reproductive success. B. An animal may show a behavior that maximizes reproductive fitness. C. If a behavior it is less than optimal, it is not yet completely evolved but will eventually become optimal D. A and B only E. A, B and Carrow_forwardFemale parasitoid wasps search for insect hosts in which to lay eggs, and they can often discriminate among individual hosts that are more or less suitable for their offspring. Behavioral ecologists have asked whether or not the wasps’ willingness to lay eggs in less suitable hosts varies with the female’s age. On the basis of life history theory, what pattern of change would you predict? Does life history theory make any other predictions about animal behavior?arrow_forward
- Ecology regarding sexual selection: In zebra finch females prefer males who have a larger yellow cheek patch. Researchers investigating this preference think that females must benefit from choosing males with large cheek patches. Provide three hypotheses regarding the direct, or indirect benefits, she might receive.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about evolutionary psychology? a. Natural selection works differently in humans than other animals. b. It is easy to test evolutionary hypotheses by doing experiments. c.Most social behaviors are genetically determined with little influence by the social environment. d. Evolutionary approaches can generate novel hypotheses about social behavior that can then be tested with experiments.arrow_forwardWhich of the following questions is most closely associated with anultimate cause of a behavior?a. How does a squid alter its color to blend in with its environment?b. How does a hummingbird’s body shape influence its ability tohover?c. How do alarm calls affect prairie dog fitness?d. Which cues do monarch butterflies use during migration?arrow_forward
- INTERPRET DATA Look at the two graphs in Figure 52-21. In which experiment did the parentals in the experimental group guard the eggs more closely? In which experiment did the experimental parentals guard the young more closely? Account for these differences. RESULTS: Experiment 1: As indicated on the y-axis, which measures level of parental care, parentals reduced their level of guarding the eggs. Eight of the males in the experimental group abandoned their nests, and egg defense was significantly lower in this group compared with that in the control group. However, after eggs hatched, there was little difference in parental care of the young between the two groups. Experiment 2: During the egg phase, there was little difference in level of parental care between experimental and control groups. However, after eggs hatched, the experimental parentals significantly decreased their level of guarding the nest. CONCLUSION: Male bluegill sunfish adjust their level of parental care according to their level of perceived paternity. In Experiment 1, parentals provided less care when they perceived that the eggs may have been fertilized by sneaker males. After the eggs hatched, olfactory cues indicated that the offspring were indeed their own, and their level of care increased. In Experiment 2, parentals cared for the eggs even though some had been swapped. However, after they hatched, olfactory cues from the offspring indicated that they were not the parentals own offspring. The level of parental care decreased significantly. SOURCE: B.D. Neff, Nature, Vol. 422 (April 17, 2003): 716719. Figure 52-21 Decisions about parental carearrow_forwardOnce there was a highly intelligent turkey that had nothing to do but reflect on the worlds regularities. Morning always started out with the sky turning light, followed by the masters footsteps, which were always followed by the appearance of food. Other things varied, but food always followed footsteps. The sequence of events was so predictable that it eventually became the basis of the turkeys theory about the goodness of the world. One morning, after more than 100 confirmations of this theory, the turkey listened for the masters footsteps, heard them, and had its head chopped off. Any scientific theory is modified or discarded upon discovery of contradictory evidence. The absence of absolute certainty has led some people to conclude that theories are irrelevant because they can change. If that is so, should we stop doing scientific research? Why or why not?arrow_forwardThe digger bee’s “postcopulatory courtship” consists of elaborate tactile stimulation that the male provides his partner after she has accepted his sperm. Why is this behavior a Darwinian puzzle, and what might its adaptive value be?arrow_forward
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